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chai.js (158570B)

---

 (function(f){if(typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"){module.exports=f()}else if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define([],f)}else{var g;if(typeof window!=="undefined"){g=window}else if(typeof global!=="undefined"){g=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){g=self}else{g=this}g.chai = f()}})(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'");throw f.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){
 module.exports = require('./lib/chai');
 
 },{"./lib/chai":2}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * chai
  * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 var used = []
   , exports = module.exports = {};
 
 /*!
  * Chai version
  */
 
 exports.version = '3.5.0';
 
 /*!
  * Assertion Error
  */
 
 exports.AssertionError = require('assertion-error');
 
 /*!
  * Utils for plugins (not exported)
  */
 
 var util = require('./chai/utils');
 
 /**
  * # .use(function)
  *
  * Provides a way to extend the internals of Chai
  *
  * @param {Function}
  * @returns {this} for chaining
  * @api public
  */
 
 exports.use = function (fn) {
   if (!~used.indexOf(fn)) {
     fn(this, util);
     used.push(fn);
   }
 
   return this;
 };
 
 /*!
  * Utility Functions
  */
 
 exports.util = util;
 
 /*!
  * Configuration
  */
 
 var config = require('./chai/config');
 exports.config = config;
 
 /*!
  * Primary `Assertion` prototype
  */
 
 var assertion = require('./chai/assertion');
 exports.use(assertion);
 
 /*!
  * Core Assertions
  */
 
 var core = require('./chai/core/assertions');
 exports.use(core);
 
 /*!
  * Expect interface
  */
 
 var expect = require('./chai/interface/expect');
 exports.use(expect);
 
 /*!
  * Should interface
  */
 
 var should = require('./chai/interface/should');
 exports.use(should);
 
 /*!
  * Assert interface
  */
 
 var assert = require('./chai/interface/assert');
 exports.use(assert);
 
 },{"./chai/assertion":3,"./chai/config":4,"./chai/core/assertions":5,"./chai/interface/assert":6,"./chai/interface/expect":7,"./chai/interface/should":8,"./chai/utils":22,"assertion-error":30}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * chai
  * http://chaijs.com
  * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 var config = require('./config');
 
 module.exports = function (_chai, util) {
   /*!
    * Module dependencies.
    */
 
   var AssertionError = _chai.AssertionError
     , flag = util.flag;
 
   /*!
    * Module export.
    */
 
   _chai.Assertion = Assertion;
 
   /*!
    * Assertion Constructor
    *
    * Creates object for chaining.
    *
    * @api private
    */
 
   function Assertion (obj, msg, stack) {
     flag(this, 'ssfi', stack || arguments.callee);
     flag(this, 'object', obj);
     flag(this, 'message', msg);
   }
 
   Object.defineProperty(Assertion, 'includeStack', {
     get: function() {
       console.warn('Assertion.includeStack is deprecated, use chai.config.includeStack instead.');
       return config.includeStack;
     },
     set: function(value) {
       console.warn('Assertion.includeStack is deprecated, use chai.config.includeStack instead.');
       config.includeStack = value;
     }
   });
 
   Object.defineProperty(Assertion, 'showDiff', {
     get: function() {
       console.warn('Assertion.showDiff is deprecated, use chai.config.showDiff instead.');
       return config.showDiff;
     },
     set: function(value) {
       console.warn('Assertion.showDiff is deprecated, use chai.config.showDiff instead.');
       config.showDiff = value;
     }
   });
 
   Assertion.addProperty = function (name, fn) {
     util.addProperty(this.prototype, name, fn);
   };
 
   Assertion.addMethod = function (name, fn) {
     util.addMethod(this.prototype, name, fn);
   };
 
   Assertion.addChainableMethod = function (name, fn, chainingBehavior) {
     util.addChainableMethod(this.prototype, name, fn, chainingBehavior);
   };
 
   Assertion.overwriteProperty = function (name, fn) {
     util.overwriteProperty(this.prototype, name, fn);
   };
 
   Assertion.overwriteMethod = function (name, fn) {
     util.overwriteMethod(this.prototype, name, fn);
   };
 
   Assertion.overwriteChainableMethod = function (name, fn, chainingBehavior) {
     util.overwriteChainableMethod(this.prototype, name, fn, chainingBehavior);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .assert(expression, message, negateMessage, expected, actual, showDiff)
    *
    * Executes an expression and check expectations. Throws AssertionError for reporting if test doesn't pass.
    *
    * @name assert
    * @param {Philosophical} expression to be tested
    * @param {String|Function} message or function that returns message to display if expression fails
    * @param {String|Function} negatedMessage or function that returns negatedMessage to display if negated expression fails
    * @param {Mixed} expected value (remember to check for negation)
    * @param {Mixed} actual (optional) will default to `this.obj`
    * @param {Boolean} showDiff (optional) when set to `true`, assert will display a diff in addition to the message if expression fails
    * @api private
    */
 
   Assertion.prototype.assert = function (expr, msg, negateMsg, expected, _actual, showDiff) {
     var ok = util.test(this, arguments);
     if (true !== showDiff) showDiff = false;
     if (true !== config.showDiff) showDiff = false;
 
     if (!ok) {
       var msg = util.getMessage(this, arguments)
         , actual = util.getActual(this, arguments);
       throw new AssertionError(msg, {
           actual: actual
         , expected: expected
         , showDiff: showDiff
       }, (config.includeStack) ? this.assert : flag(this, 'ssfi'));
     }
   };
 
   /*!
    * ### ._obj
    *
    * Quick reference to stored `actual` value for plugin developers.
    *
    * @api private
    */
 
   Object.defineProperty(Assertion.prototype, '_obj',
     { get: function () {
         return flag(this, 'object');
       }
     , set: function (val) {
         flag(this, 'object', val);
       }
   });
 };
 
 },{"./config":4}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
 module.exports = {
 
   /**
    * ### config.includeStack
    *
    * User configurable property, influences whether stack trace
    * is included in Assertion error message. Default of false
    * suppresses stack trace in the error message.
    *
    *     chai.config.includeStack = true;  // enable stack on error
    *
    * @param {Boolean}
    * @api public
    */
 
    includeStack: false,
 
   /**
    * ### config.showDiff
    *
    * User configurable property, influences whether or not
    * the `showDiff` flag should be included in the thrown
    * AssertionErrors. `false` will always be `false`; `true`
    * will be true when the assertion has requested a diff
    * be shown.
    *
    * @param {Boolean}
    * @api public
    */
 
   showDiff: true,
 
   /**
    * ### config.truncateThreshold
    *
    * User configurable property, sets length threshold for actual and
    * expected values in assertion errors. If this threshold is exceeded, for
    * example for large data structures, the value is replaced with something
    * like `[ Array(3) ]` or `{ Object (prop1, prop2) }`.
    *
    * Set it to zero if you want to disable truncating altogether.
    *
    * This is especially userful when doing assertions on arrays: having this
    * set to a reasonable large value makes the failure messages readily
    * inspectable.
    *
    *     chai.config.truncateThreshold = 0;  // disable truncating
    *
    * @param {Number}
    * @api public
    */
 
   truncateThreshold: 40
 
 };
 
 },{}],5:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * chai
  * http://chaijs.com
  * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 module.exports = function (chai, _) {
   var Assertion = chai.Assertion
     , toString = Object.prototype.toString
     , flag = _.flag;
 
   /**
    * ### Language Chains
    *
    * The following are provided as chainable getters to
    * improve the readability of your assertions. They
    * do not provide testing capabilities unless they
    * have been overwritten by a plugin.
    *
    * **Chains**
    *
    * - to
    * - be
    * - been
    * - is
    * - that
    * - which
    * - and
    * - has
    * - have
    * - with
    * - at
    * - of
    * - same
    *
    * @name language chains
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   [ 'to', 'be', 'been'
   , 'is', 'and', 'has', 'have'
   , 'with', 'that', 'which', 'at'
   , 'of', 'same' ].forEach(function (chain) {
     Assertion.addProperty(chain, function () {
       return this;
     });
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .not
    *
    * Negates any of assertions following in the chain.
    *
    *     expect(foo).to.not.equal('bar');
    *     expect(goodFn).to.not.throw(Error);
    *     expect({ foo: 'baz' }).to.have.property('foo')
    *       .and.not.equal('bar');
    *
    * @name not
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('not', function () {
     flag(this, 'negate', true);
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .deep
    *
    * Sets the `deep` flag, later used by the `equal` and
    * `property` assertions.
    *
    *     expect(foo).to.deep.equal({ bar: 'baz' });
    *     expect({ foo: { bar: { baz: 'quux' } } })
    *       .to.have.deep.property('foo.bar.baz', 'quux');
    *
    * `.deep.property` special characters can be escaped
    * by adding two slashes before the `.` or `[]`.
    *
    *     var deepCss = { '.link': { '[target]': 42 }};
    *     expect(deepCss).to.have.deep.property('\\.link.\\[target\\]', 42);
    *
    * @name deep
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('deep', function () {
     flag(this, 'deep', true);
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .any
    *
    * Sets the `any` flag, (opposite of the `all` flag)
    * later used in the `keys` assertion.
    *
    *     expect(foo).to.have.any.keys('bar', 'baz');
    *
    * @name any
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('any', function () {
     flag(this, 'any', true);
     flag(this, 'all', false)
   });
 
 
   /**
    * ### .all
    *
    * Sets the `all` flag (opposite of the `any` flag)
    * later used by the `keys` assertion.
    *
    *     expect(foo).to.have.all.keys('bar', 'baz');
    *
    * @name all
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('all', function () {
     flag(this, 'all', true);
     flag(this, 'any', false);
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .a(type)
    *
    * The `a` and `an` assertions are aliases that can be
    * used either as language chains or to assert a value's
    * type.
    *
    *     // typeof
    *     expect('test').to.be.a('string');
    *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.be.an('object');
    *     expect(null).to.be.a('null');
    *     expect(undefined).to.be.an('undefined');
    *     expect(new Error).to.be.an('error');
    *     expect(new Promise).to.be.a('promise');
    *     expect(new Float32Array()).to.be.a('float32array');
    *     expect(Symbol()).to.be.a('symbol');
    *
    *     // es6 overrides
    *     expect({[Symbol.toStringTag]:()=>'foo'}).to.be.a('foo');
    *
    *     // language chain
    *     expect(foo).to.be.an.instanceof(Foo);
    *
    * @name a
    * @alias an
    * @param {String} type
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function an (type, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     type = type.toLowerCase();
     var obj = flag(this, 'object')
       , article = ~[ 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u' ].indexOf(type.charAt(0)) ? 'an ' : 'a ';
 
     this.assert(
         type === _.type(obj)
       , 'expected #{this} to be ' + article + type
       , 'expected #{this} not to be ' + article + type
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('an', an);
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('a', an);
 
   /**
    * ### .include(value)
    *
    * The `include` and `contain` assertions can be used as either property
    * based language chains or as methods to assert the inclusion of an object
    * in an array or a substring in a string. When used as language chains,
    * they toggle the `contains` flag for the `keys` assertion.
    *
    *     expect([1,2,3]).to.include(2);
    *     expect('foobar').to.contain('foo');
    *     expect({ foo: 'bar', hello: 'universe' }).to.include.keys('foo');
    *
    * @name include
    * @alias contain
    * @alias includes
    * @alias contains
    * @param {Object|String|Number} obj
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function includeChainingBehavior () {
     flag(this, 'contains', true);
   }
 
   function include (val, msg) {
     _.expectTypes(this, ['array', 'object', 'string']);
 
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     var expected = false;
 
     if (_.type(obj) === 'array' && _.type(val) === 'object') {
       for (var i in obj) {
         if (_.eql(obj[i], val)) {
           expected = true;
           break;
         }
       }
     } else if (_.type(val) === 'object') {
       if (!flag(this, 'negate')) {
         for (var k in val) new Assertion(obj).property(k, val[k]);
         return;
       }
       var subset = {};
       for (var k in val) subset[k] = obj[k];
       expected = _.eql(subset, val);
     } else {
       expected = (obj != undefined) && ~obj.indexOf(val);
     }
     this.assert(
         expected
       , 'expected #{this} to include ' + _.inspect(val)
       , 'expected #{this} to not include ' + _.inspect(val));
   }
 
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('include', include, includeChainingBehavior);
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('contain', include, includeChainingBehavior);
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('contains', include, includeChainingBehavior);
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('includes', include, includeChainingBehavior);
 
   /**
    * ### .ok
    *
    * Asserts that the target is truthy.
    *
    *     expect('everything').to.be.ok;
    *     expect(1).to.be.ok;
    *     expect(false).to.not.be.ok;
    *     expect(undefined).to.not.be.ok;
    *     expect(null).to.not.be.ok;
    *
    * @name ok
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('ok', function () {
     this.assert(
         flag(this, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to be truthy'
       , 'expected #{this} to be falsy');
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .true
    *
    * Asserts that the target is `true`.
    *
    *     expect(true).to.be.true;
    *     expect(1).to.not.be.true;
    *
    * @name true
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('true', function () {
     this.assert(
         true === flag(this, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to be true'
       , 'expected #{this} to be false'
       , this.negate ? false : true
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .false
    *
    * Asserts that the target is `false`.
    *
    *     expect(false).to.be.false;
    *     expect(0).to.not.be.false;
    *
    * @name false
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('false', function () {
     this.assert(
         false === flag(this, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to be false'
       , 'expected #{this} to be true'
       , this.negate ? true : false
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .null
    *
    * Asserts that the target is `null`.
    *
    *     expect(null).to.be.null;
    *     expect(undefined).to.not.be.null;
    *
    * @name null
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('null', function () {
     this.assert(
         null === flag(this, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to be null'
       , 'expected #{this} not to be null'
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .undefined
    *
    * Asserts that the target is `undefined`.
    *
    *     expect(undefined).to.be.undefined;
    *     expect(null).to.not.be.undefined;
    *
    * @name undefined
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('undefined', function () {
     this.assert(
         undefined === flag(this, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to be undefined'
       , 'expected #{this} not to be undefined'
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .NaN
    * Asserts that the target is `NaN`.
    *
    *     expect('foo').to.be.NaN;
    *     expect(4).not.to.be.NaN;
    *
    * @name NaN
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('NaN', function () {
     this.assert(
         isNaN(flag(this, 'object'))
         , 'expected #{this} to be NaN'
         , 'expected #{this} not to be NaN'
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .exist
    *
    * Asserts that the target is neither `null` nor `undefined`.
    *
    *     var foo = 'hi'
    *       , bar = null
    *       , baz;
    *
    *     expect(foo).to.exist;
    *     expect(bar).to.not.exist;
    *     expect(baz).to.not.exist;
    *
    * @name exist
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('exist', function () {
     this.assert(
         null != flag(this, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to exist'
       , 'expected #{this} to not exist'
     );
   });
 
 
   /**
    * ### .empty
    *
    * Asserts that the target's length is `0`. For arrays and strings, it checks
    * the `length` property. For objects, it gets the count of
    * enumerable keys.
    *
    *     expect([]).to.be.empty;
    *     expect('').to.be.empty;
    *     expect({}).to.be.empty;
    *
    * @name empty
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('empty', function () {
     var obj = flag(this, 'object')
       , expected = obj;
 
     if (Array.isArray(obj) || 'string' === typeof object) {
       expected = obj.length;
     } else if (typeof obj === 'object') {
       expected = Object.keys(obj).length;
     }
 
     this.assert(
         !expected
       , 'expected #{this} to be empty'
       , 'expected #{this} not to be empty'
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .arguments
    *
    * Asserts that the target is an arguments object.
    *
    *     function test () {
    *       expect(arguments).to.be.arguments;
    *     }
    *
    * @name arguments
    * @alias Arguments
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function checkArguments () {
     var obj = flag(this, 'object')
       , type = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);
     this.assert(
         '[object Arguments]' === type
       , 'expected #{this} to be arguments but got ' + type
       , 'expected #{this} to not be arguments'
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addProperty('arguments', checkArguments);
   Assertion.addProperty('Arguments', checkArguments);
 
   /**
    * ### .equal(value)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is strictly equal (`===`) to `value`.
    * Alternately, if the `deep` flag is set, asserts that
    * the target is deeply equal to `value`.
    *
    *     expect('hello').to.equal('hello');
    *     expect(42).to.equal(42);
    *     expect(1).to.not.equal(true);
    *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.not.equal({ foo: 'bar' });
    *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.deep.equal({ foo: 'bar' });
    *
    * @name equal
    * @alias equals
    * @alias eq
    * @alias deep.equal
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertEqual (val, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     if (flag(this, 'deep')) {
       return this.eql(val);
     } else {
       this.assert(
           val === obj
         , 'expected #{this} to equal #{exp}'
         , 'expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}'
         , val
         , this._obj
         , true
       );
     }
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('equal', assertEqual);
   Assertion.addMethod('equals', assertEqual);
   Assertion.addMethod('eq', assertEqual);
 
   /**
    * ### .eql(value)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is deeply equal to `value`.
    *
    *     expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.eql({ foo: 'bar' });
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.eql([ 1, 2, 3 ]);
    *
    * @name eql
    * @alias eqls
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertEql(obj, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     this.assert(
         _.eql(obj, flag(this, 'object'))
       , 'expected #{this} to deeply equal #{exp}'
       , 'expected #{this} to not deeply equal #{exp}'
       , obj
       , this._obj
       , true
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('eql', assertEql);
   Assertion.addMethod('eqls', assertEql);
 
   /**
    * ### .above(value)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is greater than `value`.
    *
    *     expect(10).to.be.above(5);
    *
    * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
    * assert a minimum length. The benefit being a
    * more informative error message than if the length
    * was supplied directly.
    *
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.above(2);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.above(2);
    *
    * @name above
    * @alias gt
    * @alias greaterThan
    * @param {Number} value
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertAbove (n, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
       new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
       var len = obj.length;
       this.assert(
           len > n
         , 'expected #{this} to have a length above #{exp} but got #{act}'
         , 'expected #{this} to not have a length above #{exp}'
         , n
         , len
       );
     } else {
       this.assert(
           obj > n
         , 'expected #{this} to be above ' + n
         , 'expected #{this} to be at most ' + n
       );
     }
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('above', assertAbove);
   Assertion.addMethod('gt', assertAbove);
   Assertion.addMethod('greaterThan', assertAbove);
 
   /**
    * ### .least(value)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is greater than or equal to `value`.
    *
    *     expect(10).to.be.at.least(10);
    *
    * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
    * assert a minimum length. The benefit being a
    * more informative error message than if the length
    * was supplied directly.
    *
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.of.at.least(2);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.of.at.least(3);
    *
    * @name least
    * @alias gte
    * @param {Number} value
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertLeast (n, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
       new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
       var len = obj.length;
       this.assert(
           len >= n
         , 'expected #{this} to have a length at least #{exp} but got #{act}'
         , 'expected #{this} to have a length below #{exp}'
         , n
         , len
       );
     } else {
       this.assert(
           obj >= n
         , 'expected #{this} to be at least ' + n
         , 'expected #{this} to be below ' + n
       );
     }
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('least', assertLeast);
   Assertion.addMethod('gte', assertLeast);
 
   /**
    * ### .below(value)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is less than `value`.
    *
    *     expect(5).to.be.below(10);
    *
    * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
    * assert a maximum length. The benefit being a
    * more informative error message than if the length
    * was supplied directly.
    *
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.below(4);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.below(4);
    *
    * @name below
    * @alias lt
    * @alias lessThan
    * @param {Number} value
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertBelow (n, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
       new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
       var len = obj.length;
       this.assert(
           len < n
         , 'expected #{this} to have a length below #{exp} but got #{act}'
         , 'expected #{this} to not have a length below #{exp}'
         , n
         , len
       );
     } else {
       this.assert(
           obj < n
         , 'expected #{this} to be below ' + n
         , 'expected #{this} to be at least ' + n
       );
     }
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('below', assertBelow);
   Assertion.addMethod('lt', assertBelow);
   Assertion.addMethod('lessThan', assertBelow);
 
   /**
    * ### .most(value)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is less than or equal to `value`.
    *
    *     expect(5).to.be.at.most(5);
    *
    * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
    * assert a maximum length. The benefit being a
    * more informative error message than if the length
    * was supplied directly.
    *
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.of.at.most(4);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.of.at.most(3);
    *
    * @name most
    * @alias lte
    * @param {Number} value
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertMost (n, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
       new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
       var len = obj.length;
       this.assert(
           len <= n
         , 'expected #{this} to have a length at most #{exp} but got #{act}'
         , 'expected #{this} to have a length above #{exp}'
         , n
         , len
       );
     } else {
       this.assert(
           obj <= n
         , 'expected #{this} to be at most ' + n
         , 'expected #{this} to be above ' + n
       );
     }
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('most', assertMost);
   Assertion.addMethod('lte', assertMost);
 
   /**
    * ### .within(start, finish)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is within a range.
    *
    *     expect(7).to.be.within(5,10);
    *
    * Can also be used in conjunction with `length` to
    * assert a length range. The benefit being a
    * more informative error message than if the length
    * was supplied directly.
    *
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.within(2,4);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.within(2,4);
    *
    * @name within
    * @param {Number} start lowerbound inclusive
    * @param {Number} finish upperbound inclusive
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addMethod('within', function (start, finish, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object')
       , range = start + '..' + finish;
     if (flag(this, 'doLength')) {
       new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
       var len = obj.length;
       this.assert(
           len >= start && len <= finish
         , 'expected #{this} to have a length within ' + range
         , 'expected #{this} to not have a length within ' + range
       );
     } else {
       this.assert(
           obj >= start && obj <= finish
         , 'expected #{this} to be within ' + range
         , 'expected #{this} to not be within ' + range
       );
     }
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .instanceof(constructor)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is an instance of `constructor`.
    *
    *     var Tea = function (name) { this.name = name; }
    *       , Chai = new Tea('chai');
    *
    *     expect(Chai).to.be.an.instanceof(Tea);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.be.instanceof(Array);
    *
    * @name instanceof
    * @param {Constructor} constructor
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @alias instanceOf
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertInstanceOf (constructor, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var name = _.getName(constructor);
     this.assert(
         flag(this, 'object') instanceof constructor
       , 'expected #{this} to be an instance of ' + name
       , 'expected #{this} to not be an instance of ' + name
     );
   };
 
   Assertion.addMethod('instanceof', assertInstanceOf);
   Assertion.addMethod('instanceOf', assertInstanceOf);
 
   /**
    * ### .property(name, [value])
    *
    * Asserts that the target has a property `name`, optionally asserting that
    * the value of that property is strictly equal to  `value`.
    * If the `deep` flag is set, you can use dot- and bracket-notation for deep
    * references into objects and arrays.
    *
    *     // simple referencing
    *     var obj = { foo: 'bar' };
    *     expect(obj).to.have.property('foo');
    *     expect(obj).to.have.property('foo', 'bar');
    *
    *     // deep referencing
    *     var deepObj = {
    *         green: { tea: 'matcha' }
    *       , teas: [ 'chai', 'matcha', { tea: 'konacha' } ]
    *     };
    *
    *     expect(deepObj).to.have.deep.property('green.tea', 'matcha');
    *     expect(deepObj).to.have.deep.property('teas[1]', 'matcha');
    *     expect(deepObj).to.have.deep.property('teas[2].tea', 'konacha');
    *
    * You can also use an array as the starting point of a `deep.property`
    * assertion, or traverse nested arrays.
    *
    *     var arr = [
    *         [ 'chai', 'matcha', 'konacha' ]
    *       , [ { tea: 'chai' }
    *         , { tea: 'matcha' }
    *         , { tea: 'konacha' } ]
    *     ];
    *
    *     expect(arr).to.have.deep.property('[0][1]', 'matcha');
    *     expect(arr).to.have.deep.property('[1][2].tea', 'konacha');
    *
    * Furthermore, `property` changes the subject of the assertion
    * to be the value of that property from the original object. This
    * permits for further chainable assertions on that property.
    *
    *     expect(obj).to.have.property('foo')
    *       .that.is.a('string');
    *     expect(deepObj).to.have.property('green')
    *       .that.is.an('object')
    *       .that.deep.equals({ tea: 'matcha' });
    *     expect(deepObj).to.have.property('teas')
    *       .that.is.an('array')
    *       .with.deep.property('[2]')
    *         .that.deep.equals({ tea: 'konacha' });
    *
    * Note that dots and bracket in `name` must be backslash-escaped when
    * the `deep` flag is set, while they must NOT be escaped when the `deep`
    * flag is not set.
    *
    *     // simple referencing
    *     var css = { '.link[target]': 42 };
    *     expect(css).to.have.property('.link[target]', 42);
    *
    *     // deep referencing
    *     var deepCss = { '.link': { '[target]': 42 }};
    *     expect(deepCss).to.have.deep.property('\\.link.\\[target\\]', 42);
    *
    * @name property
    * @alias deep.property
    * @param {String} name
    * @param {Mixed} value (optional)
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @returns value of property for chaining
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addMethod('property', function (name, val, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
 
     var isDeep = !!flag(this, 'deep')
       , descriptor = isDeep ? 'deep property ' : 'property '
       , negate = flag(this, 'negate')
       , obj = flag(this, 'object')
       , pathInfo = isDeep ? _.getPathInfo(name, obj) : null
       , hasProperty = isDeep
         ? pathInfo.exists
         : _.hasProperty(name, obj)
       , value = isDeep
         ? pathInfo.value
         : obj[name];
 
     if (negate && arguments.length > 1) {
       if (undefined === value) {
         msg = (msg != null) ? msg + ': ' : '';
         throw new Error(msg + _.inspect(obj) + ' has no ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name));
       }
     } else {
       this.assert(
           hasProperty
         , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name)
         , 'expected #{this} to not have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name));
     }
 
     if (arguments.length > 1) {
       this.assert(
           val === value
         , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name) + ' of #{exp}, but got #{act}'
         , 'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name) + ' of #{act}'
         , val
         , value
       );
     }
 
     flag(this, 'object', value);
   });
 
 
   /**
    * ### .ownProperty(name)
    *
    * Asserts that the target has an own property `name`.
    *
    *     expect('test').to.have.ownProperty('length');
    *
    * @name ownProperty
    * @alias haveOwnProperty
    * @param {String} name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertOwnProperty (name, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     this.assert(
         obj.hasOwnProperty(name)
       , 'expected #{this} to have own property ' + _.inspect(name)
       , 'expected #{this} to not have own property ' + _.inspect(name)
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('ownProperty', assertOwnProperty);
   Assertion.addMethod('haveOwnProperty', assertOwnProperty);
 
   /**
    * ### .ownPropertyDescriptor(name[, descriptor[, message]])
    *
    * Asserts that the target has an own property descriptor `name`, that optionally matches `descriptor`.
    *
    *     expect('test').to.have.ownPropertyDescriptor('length');
    *     expect('test').to.have.ownPropertyDescriptor('length', { enumerable: false, configurable: false, writable: false, value: 4 });
    *     expect('test').not.to.have.ownPropertyDescriptor('length', { enumerable: false, configurable: false, writable: false, value: 3 });
    *     expect('test').ownPropertyDescriptor('length').to.have.property('enumerable', false);
    *     expect('test').ownPropertyDescriptor('length').to.have.keys('value');
    *
    * @name ownPropertyDescriptor
    * @alias haveOwnPropertyDescriptor
    * @param {String} name
    * @param {Object} descriptor _optional_
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertOwnPropertyDescriptor (name, descriptor, msg) {
     if (typeof descriptor === 'string') {
       msg = descriptor;
       descriptor = null;
     }
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     var actualDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object(obj), name);
     if (actualDescriptor && descriptor) {
       this.assert(
           _.eql(descriptor, actualDescriptor)
         , 'expected the own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name) + ' on #{this} to match ' + _.inspect(descriptor) + ', got ' + _.inspect(actualDescriptor)
         , 'expected the own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name) + ' on #{this} to not match ' + _.inspect(descriptor)
         , descriptor
         , actualDescriptor
         , true
       );
     } else {
       this.assert(
           actualDescriptor
         , 'expected #{this} to have an own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name)
         , 'expected #{this} to not have an own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name)
       );
     }
     flag(this, 'object', actualDescriptor);
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('ownPropertyDescriptor', assertOwnPropertyDescriptor);
   Assertion.addMethod('haveOwnPropertyDescriptor', assertOwnPropertyDescriptor);
 
   /**
    * ### .length
    *
    * Sets the `doLength` flag later used as a chain precursor to a value
    * comparison for the `length` property.
    *
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.above(2);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.above(2);
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.below(4);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.below(4);
    *     expect('foo').to.have.length.within(2,4);
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3 ]).to.have.length.within(2,4);
    *
    * *Deprecation notice:* Using `length` as an assertion will be deprecated
    * in version 2.4.0 and removed in 3.0.0. Code using the old style of
    * asserting for `length` property value using `length(value)` should be
    * switched to use `lengthOf(value)` instead.
    *
    * @name length
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   /**
    * ### .lengthOf(value[, message])
    *
    * Asserts that the target's `length` property has
    * the expected value.
    *
    *     expect([ 1, 2, 3]).to.have.lengthOf(3);
    *     expect('foobar').to.have.lengthOf(6);
    *
    * @name lengthOf
    * @param {Number} length
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertLengthChain () {
     flag(this, 'doLength', true);
   }
 
   function assertLength (n, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property('length');
     var len = obj.length;
 
     this.assert(
         len == n
       , 'expected #{this} to have a length of #{exp} but got #{act}'
       , 'expected #{this} to not have a length of #{act}'
       , n
       , len
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('length', assertLength, assertLengthChain);
   Assertion.addMethod('lengthOf', assertLength);
 
   /**
    * ### .match(regexp)
    *
    * Asserts that the target matches a regular expression.
    *
    *     expect('foobar').to.match(/^foo/);
    *
    * @name match
    * @alias matches
    * @param {RegExp} RegularExpression
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
   function assertMatch(re, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     this.assert(
         re.exec(obj)
       , 'expected #{this} to match ' + re
       , 'expected #{this} not to match ' + re
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('match', assertMatch);
   Assertion.addMethod('matches', assertMatch);
 
   /**
    * ### .string(string)
    *
    * Asserts that the string target contains another string.
    *
    *     expect('foobar').to.have.string('bar');
    *
    * @name string
    * @param {String} string
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addMethod('string', function (str, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     new Assertion(obj, msg).is.a('string');
 
     this.assert(
         ~obj.indexOf(str)
       , 'expected #{this} to contain ' + _.inspect(str)
       , 'expected #{this} to not contain ' + _.inspect(str)
     );
   });
 
 
   /**
    * ### .keys(key1, [key2], [...])
    *
    * Asserts that the target contains any or all of the passed-in keys.
    * Use in combination with `any`, `all`, `contains`, or `have` will affect
    * what will pass.
    *
    * When used in conjunction with `any`, at least one key that is passed
    * in must exist in the target object. This is regardless whether or not
    * the `have` or `contain` qualifiers are used. Note, either `any` or `all`
    * should be used in the assertion. If neither are used, the assertion is
    * defaulted to `all`.
    *
    * When both `all` and `contain` are used, the target object must have at
    * least all of the passed-in keys but may have more keys not listed.
    *
    * When both `all` and `have` are used, the target object must both contain
    * all of the passed-in keys AND the number of keys in the target object must
    * match the number of keys passed in (in other words, a target object must
    * have all and only all of the passed-in keys).
    *
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.any.keys('foo', 'baz');
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.any.keys('foo');
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.contain.any.keys('bar', 'baz');
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.contain.any.keys(['foo']);
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.contain.any.keys({'foo': 6});
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.all.keys(['bar', 'foo']);
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2 }).to.have.all.keys({'bar': 6, 'foo': 7});
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2, baz: 3 }).to.contain.all.keys(['bar', 'foo']);
    *     expect({ foo: 1, bar: 2, baz: 3 }).to.contain.all.keys({'bar': 6});
    *
    *
    * @name keys
    * @alias key
    * @param {...String|Array|Object} keys
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertKeys (keys) {
     var obj = flag(this, 'object')
       , str
       , ok = true
       , mixedArgsMsg = 'keys must be given single argument of Array|Object|String, or multiple String arguments';
 
     switch (_.type(keys)) {
       case "array":
         if (arguments.length > 1) throw (new Error(mixedArgsMsg));
         break;
       case "object":
         if (arguments.length > 1) throw (new Error(mixedArgsMsg));
         keys = Object.keys(keys);
         break;
       default:
         keys = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
     }
 
     if (!keys.length) throw new Error('keys required');
 
     var actual = Object.keys(obj)
       , expected = keys
       , len = keys.length
       , any = flag(this, 'any')
       , all = flag(this, 'all');
 
     if (!any && !all) {
       all = true;
     }
 
     // Has any
     if (any) {
       var intersection = expected.filter(function(key) {
         return ~actual.indexOf(key);
       });
       ok = intersection.length > 0;
     }
 
     // Has all
     if (all) {
       ok = keys.every(function(key){
         return ~actual.indexOf(key);
       });
       if (!flag(this, 'negate') && !flag(this, 'contains')) {
         ok = ok && keys.length == actual.length;
       }
     }
 
     // Key string
     if (len > 1) {
       keys = keys.map(function(key){
         return _.inspect(key);
       });
       var last = keys.pop();
       if (all) {
         str = keys.join(', ') + ', and ' + last;
       }
       if (any) {
         str = keys.join(', ') + ', or ' + last;
       }
     } else {
       str = _.inspect(keys[0]);
     }
 
     // Form
     str = (len > 1 ? 'keys ' : 'key ') + str;
 
     // Have / include
     str = (flag(this, 'contains') ? 'contain ' : 'have ') + str;
 
     // Assertion
     this.assert(
         ok
       , 'expected #{this} to ' + str
       , 'expected #{this} to not ' + str
       , expected.slice(0).sort()
       , actual.sort()
       , true
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('keys', assertKeys);
   Assertion.addMethod('key', assertKeys);
 
   /**
    * ### .throw(constructor)
    *
    * Asserts that the function target will throw a specific error, or specific type of error
    * (as determined using `instanceof`), optionally with a RegExp or string inclusion test
    * for the error's message.
    *
    *     var err = new ReferenceError('This is a bad function.');
    *     var fn = function () { throw err; }
    *     expect(fn).to.throw(ReferenceError);
    *     expect(fn).to.throw(Error);
    *     expect(fn).to.throw(/bad function/);
    *     expect(fn).to.not.throw('good function');
    *     expect(fn).to.throw(ReferenceError, /bad function/);
    *     expect(fn).to.throw(err);
    *
    * Please note that when a throw expectation is negated, it will check each
    * parameter independently, starting with error constructor type. The appropriate way
    * to check for the existence of a type of error but for a message that does not match
    * is to use `and`.
    *
    *     expect(fn).to.throw(ReferenceError)
    *        .and.not.throw(/good function/);
    *
    * @name throw
    * @alias throws
    * @alias Throw
    * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
    * @param {String|RegExp} expected error message
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
    * @returns error for chaining (null if no error)
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertThrows (constructor, errMsg, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     new Assertion(obj, msg).is.a('function');
 
     var thrown = false
       , desiredError = null
       , name = null
       , thrownError = null;
 
     if (arguments.length === 0) {
       errMsg = null;
       constructor = null;
     } else if (constructor && (constructor instanceof RegExp || 'string' === typeof constructor)) {
       errMsg = constructor;
       constructor = null;
     } else if (constructor && constructor instanceof Error) {
       desiredError = constructor;
       constructor = null;
       errMsg = null;
     } else if (typeof constructor === 'function') {
       name = constructor.prototype.name;
       if (!name || (name === 'Error' && constructor !== Error)) {
         name = constructor.name || (new constructor()).name;
       }
     } else {
       constructor = null;
     }
 
     try {
       obj();
     } catch (err) {
       // first, check desired error
       if (desiredError) {
         this.assert(
             err === desiredError
           , 'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
           , 'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}'
           , (desiredError instanceof Error ? desiredError.toString() : desiredError)
           , (err instanceof Error ? err.toString() : err)
         );
 
         flag(this, 'object', err);
         return this;
       }
 
       // next, check constructor
       if (constructor) {
         this.assert(
             err instanceof constructor
           , 'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
           , 'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
           , name
           , (err instanceof Error ? err.toString() : err)
         );
 
         if (!errMsg) {
           flag(this, 'object', err);
           return this;
         }
       }
 
       // next, check message
       var message = 'error' === _.type(err) && "message" in err
         ? err.message
         : '' + err;
 
       if ((message != null) && errMsg && errMsg instanceof RegExp) {
         this.assert(
             errMsg.exec(message)
           , 'expected #{this} to throw error matching #{exp} but got #{act}'
           , 'expected #{this} to throw error not matching #{exp}'
           , errMsg
           , message
         );
 
         flag(this, 'object', err);
         return this;
       } else if ((message != null) && errMsg && 'string' === typeof errMsg) {
         this.assert(
             ~message.indexOf(errMsg)
           , 'expected #{this} to throw error including #{exp} but got #{act}'
           , 'expected #{this} to throw error not including #{act}'
           , errMsg
           , message
         );
 
         flag(this, 'object', err);
         return this;
       } else {
         thrown = true;
         thrownError = err;
       }
     }
 
     var actuallyGot = ''
       , expectedThrown = name !== null
         ? name
         : desiredError
           ? '#{exp}' //_.inspect(desiredError)
           : 'an error';
 
     if (thrown) {
       actuallyGot = ' but #{act} was thrown'
     }
 
     this.assert(
         thrown === true
       , 'expected #{this} to throw ' + expectedThrown + actuallyGot
       , 'expected #{this} to not throw ' + expectedThrown + actuallyGot
       , (desiredError instanceof Error ? desiredError.toString() : desiredError)
       , (thrownError instanceof Error ? thrownError.toString() : thrownError)
     );
 
     flag(this, 'object', thrownError);
   };
 
   Assertion.addMethod('throw', assertThrows);
   Assertion.addMethod('throws', assertThrows);
   Assertion.addMethod('Throw', assertThrows);
 
   /**
    * ### .respondTo(method)
    *
    * Asserts that the object or class target will respond to a method.
    *
    *     Klass.prototype.bar = function(){};
    *     expect(Klass).to.respondTo('bar');
    *     expect(obj).to.respondTo('bar');
    *
    * To check if a constructor will respond to a static function,
    * set the `itself` flag.
    *
    *     Klass.baz = function(){};
    *     expect(Klass).itself.to.respondTo('baz');
    *
    * @name respondTo
    * @alias respondsTo
    * @param {String} method
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function respondTo (method, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object')
       , itself = flag(this, 'itself')
       , context = ('function' === _.type(obj) && !itself)
         ? obj.prototype[method]
         : obj[method];
 
     this.assert(
         'function' === typeof context
       , 'expected #{this} to respond to ' + _.inspect(method)
       , 'expected #{this} to not respond to ' + _.inspect(method)
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('respondTo', respondTo);
   Assertion.addMethod('respondsTo', respondTo);
 
   /**
    * ### .itself
    *
    * Sets the `itself` flag, later used by the `respondTo` assertion.
    *
    *     function Foo() {}
    *     Foo.bar = function() {}
    *     Foo.prototype.baz = function() {}
    *
    *     expect(Foo).itself.to.respondTo('bar');
    *     expect(Foo).itself.not.to.respondTo('baz');
    *
    * @name itself
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('itself', function () {
     flag(this, 'itself', true);
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .satisfy(method)
    *
    * Asserts that the target passes a given truth test.
    *
    *     expect(1).to.satisfy(function(num) { return num > 0; });
    *
    * @name satisfy
    * @alias satisfies
    * @param {Function} matcher
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function satisfy (matcher, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
     var result = matcher(obj);
     this.assert(
         result
       , 'expected #{this} to satisfy ' + _.objDisplay(matcher)
       , 'expected #{this} to not satisfy' + _.objDisplay(matcher)
       , this.negate ? false : true
       , result
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('satisfy', satisfy);
   Assertion.addMethod('satisfies', satisfy);
 
   /**
    * ### .closeTo(expected, delta)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is equal `expected`, to within a +/- `delta` range.
    *
    *     expect(1.5).to.be.closeTo(1, 0.5);
    *
    * @name closeTo
    * @alias approximately
    * @param {Number} expected
    * @param {Number} delta
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function closeTo(expected, delta, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
     new Assertion(obj, msg).is.a('number');
     if (_.type(expected) !== 'number' || _.type(delta) !== 'number') {
       throw new Error('the arguments to closeTo or approximately must be numbers');
     }
 
     this.assert(
         Math.abs(obj - expected) <= delta
       , 'expected #{this} to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta
       , 'expected #{this} not to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('closeTo', closeTo);
   Assertion.addMethod('approximately', closeTo);
 
   function isSubsetOf(subset, superset, cmp) {
     return subset.every(function(elem) {
       if (!cmp) return superset.indexOf(elem) !== -1;
 
       return superset.some(function(elem2) {
         return cmp(elem, elem2);
       });
     })
   }
 
   /**
    * ### .members(set)
    *
    * Asserts that the target is a superset of `set`,
    * or that the target and `set` have the same strictly-equal (===) members.
    * Alternately, if the `deep` flag is set, set members are compared for deep
    * equality.
    *
    *     expect([1, 2, 3]).to.include.members([3, 2]);
    *     expect([1, 2, 3]).to.not.include.members([3, 2, 8]);
    *
    *     expect([4, 2]).to.have.members([2, 4]);
    *     expect([5, 2]).to.not.have.members([5, 2, 1]);
    *
    *     expect([{ id: 1 }]).to.deep.include.members([{ id: 1 }]);
    *
    * @name members
    * @param {Array} set
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addMethod('members', function (subset, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
     new Assertion(obj).to.be.an('array');
     new Assertion(subset).to.be.an('array');
 
     var cmp = flag(this, 'deep') ? _.eql : undefined;
 
     if (flag(this, 'contains')) {
       return this.assert(
           isSubsetOf(subset, obj, cmp)
         , 'expected #{this} to be a superset of #{act}'
         , 'expected #{this} to not be a superset of #{act}'
         , obj
         , subset
       );
     }
 
     this.assert(
         isSubsetOf(obj, subset, cmp) && isSubsetOf(subset, obj, cmp)
         , 'expected #{this} to have the same members as #{act}'
         , 'expected #{this} to not have the same members as #{act}'
         , obj
         , subset
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .oneOf(list)
    *
    * Assert that a value appears somewhere in the top level of array `list`.
    *
    *     expect('a').to.be.oneOf(['a', 'b', 'c']);
    *     expect(9).to.not.be.oneOf(['z']);
    *     expect([3]).to.not.be.oneOf([1, 2, [3]]);
    *
    *     var three = [3];
    *     // for object-types, contents are not compared
    *     expect(three).to.not.be.oneOf([1, 2, [3]]);
    *     // comparing references works
    *     expect(three).to.be.oneOf([1, 2, three]);
    *
    * @name oneOf
    * @param {Array<*>} list
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function oneOf (list, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var expected = flag(this, 'object');
     new Assertion(list).to.be.an('array');
 
     this.assert(
         list.indexOf(expected) > -1
       , 'expected #{this} to be one of #{exp}'
       , 'expected #{this} to not be one of #{exp}'
       , list
       , expected
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addMethod('oneOf', oneOf);
 
 
   /**
    * ### .change(function)
    *
    * Asserts that a function changes an object property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val += 3 };
    *     var noChangeFn = function() { return 'foo' + 'bar'; }
    *     expect(fn).to.change(obj, 'val');
    *     expect(noChangeFn).to.not.change(obj, 'val')
    *
    * @name change
    * @alias changes
    * @alias Change
    * @param {String} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertChanges (object, prop, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var fn = flag(this, 'object');
     new Assertion(object, msg).to.have.property(prop);
     new Assertion(fn).is.a('function');
 
     var initial = object[prop];
     fn();
 
     this.assert(
       initial !== object[prop]
       , 'expected .' + prop + ' to change'
       , 'expected .' + prop + ' to not change'
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('change', assertChanges);
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('changes', assertChanges);
 
   /**
    * ### .increase(function)
    *
    * Asserts that a function increases an object property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 15 };
    *     expect(fn).to.increase(obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name increase
    * @alias increases
    * @alias Increase
    * @param {String} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertIncreases (object, prop, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var fn = flag(this, 'object');
     new Assertion(object, msg).to.have.property(prop);
     new Assertion(fn).is.a('function');
 
     var initial = object[prop];
     fn();
 
     this.assert(
       object[prop] - initial > 0
       , 'expected .' + prop + ' to increase'
       , 'expected .' + prop + ' to not increase'
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('increase', assertIncreases);
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('increases', assertIncreases);
 
   /**
    * ### .decrease(function)
    *
    * Asserts that a function decreases an object property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 5 };
    *     expect(fn).to.decrease(obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name decrease
    * @alias decreases
    * @alias Decrease
    * @param {String} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   function assertDecreases (object, prop, msg) {
     if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
     var fn = flag(this, 'object');
     new Assertion(object, msg).to.have.property(prop);
     new Assertion(fn).is.a('function');
 
     var initial = object[prop];
     fn();
 
     this.assert(
       object[prop] - initial < 0
       , 'expected .' + prop + ' to decrease'
       , 'expected .' + prop + ' to not decrease'
     );
   }
 
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('decrease', assertDecreases);
   Assertion.addChainableMethod('decreases', assertDecreases);
 
   /**
    * ### .extensible
    *
    * Asserts that the target is extensible (can have new properties added to
    * it).
    *
    *     var nonExtensibleObject = Object.preventExtensions({});
    *     var sealedObject = Object.seal({});
    *     var frozenObject = Object.freeze({});
    *
    *     expect({}).to.be.extensible;
    *     expect(nonExtensibleObject).to.not.be.extensible;
    *     expect(sealedObject).to.not.be.extensible;
    *     expect(frozenObject).to.not.be.extensible;
    *
    * @name extensible
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('extensible', function() {
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
     // In ES5, if the argument to this method is not an object (a primitive), then it will cause a TypeError.
     // In ES6, a non-object argument will be treated as if it was a non-extensible ordinary object, simply return false.
     // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/isExtensible
     // The following provides ES6 behavior when a TypeError is thrown under ES5.
 
     var isExtensible;
 
     try {
       isExtensible = Object.isExtensible(obj);
     } catch (err) {
       if (err instanceof TypeError) isExtensible = false;
       else throw err;
     }
 
     this.assert(
       isExtensible
       , 'expected #{this} to be extensible'
       , 'expected #{this} to not be extensible'
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .sealed
    *
    * Asserts that the target is sealed (cannot have new properties added to it
    * and its existing properties cannot be removed).
    *
    *     var sealedObject = Object.seal({});
    *     var frozenObject = Object.freeze({});
    *
    *     expect(sealedObject).to.be.sealed;
    *     expect(frozenObject).to.be.sealed;
    *     expect({}).to.not.be.sealed;
    *
    * @name sealed
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('sealed', function() {
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
     // In ES5, if the argument to this method is not an object (a primitive), then it will cause a TypeError.
     // In ES6, a non-object argument will be treated as if it was a sealed ordinary object, simply return true.
     // See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/isSealed
     // The following provides ES6 behavior when a TypeError is thrown under ES5.
 
     var isSealed;
 
     try {
       isSealed = Object.isSealed(obj);
     } catch (err) {
       if (err instanceof TypeError) isSealed = true;
       else throw err;
     }
 
     this.assert(
       isSealed
       , 'expected #{this} to be sealed'
       , 'expected #{this} to not be sealed'
     );
   });
 
   /**
    * ### .frozen
    *
    * Asserts that the target is frozen (cannot have new properties added to it
    * and its existing properties cannot be modified).
    *
    *     var frozenObject = Object.freeze({});
    *
    *     expect(frozenObject).to.be.frozen;
    *     expect({}).to.not.be.frozen;
    *
    * @name frozen
    * @namespace BDD
    * @api public
    */
 
   Assertion.addProperty('frozen', function() {
     var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
     // In ES5, if the argument to this method is not an object (a primitive), then it will cause a TypeError.
     // In ES6, a non-object argument will be treated as if it was a frozen ordinary object, simply return true.
     // See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/isFrozen
     // The following provides ES6 behavior when a TypeError is thrown under ES5.
 
     var isFrozen;
 
     try {
       isFrozen = Object.isFrozen(obj);
     } catch (err) {
       if (err instanceof TypeError) isFrozen = true;
       else throw err;
     }
 
     this.assert(
       isFrozen
       , 'expected #{this} to be frozen'
       , 'expected #{this} to not be frozen'
     );
   });
 };
 
 },{}],6:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * chai
  * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 
 module.exports = function (chai, util) {
 
   /*!
    * Chai dependencies.
    */
 
   var Assertion = chai.Assertion
     , flag = util.flag;
 
   /*!
    * Module export.
    */
 
   /**
    * ### assert(expression, message)
    *
    * Write your own test expressions.
    *
    *     assert('foo' !== 'bar', 'foo is not bar');
    *     assert(Array.isArray([]), 'empty arrays are arrays');
    *
    * @param {Mixed} expression to test for truthiness
    * @param {String} message to display on error
    * @name assert
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   var assert = chai.assert = function (express, errmsg) {
     var test = new Assertion(null, null, chai.assert);
     test.assert(
         express
       , errmsg
       , '[ negation message unavailable ]'
     );
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .fail(actual, expected, [message], [operator])
    *
    * Throw a failure. Node.js `assert` module-compatible.
    *
    * @name fail
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @param {String} operator
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.fail = function (actual, expected, message, operator) {
     message = message || 'assert.fail()';
     throw new chai.AssertionError(message, {
         actual: actual
       , expected: expected
       , operator: operator
     }, assert.fail);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isOk(object, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is truthy.
    *
    *     assert.isOk('everything', 'everything is ok');
    *     assert.isOk(false, 'this will fail');
    *
    * @name isOk
    * @alias ok
    * @param {Mixed} object to test
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isOk = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).is.ok;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotOk(object, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is falsy.
    *
    *     assert.isNotOk('everything', 'this will fail');
    *     assert.isNotOk(false, 'this will pass');
    *
    * @name isNotOk
    * @alias notOk
    * @param {Mixed} object to test
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotOk = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).is.not.ok;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .equal(actual, expected, [message])
    *
    * Asserts non-strict equality (`==`) of `actual` and `expected`.
    *
    *     assert.equal(3, '3', '== coerces values to strings');
    *
    * @name equal
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.equal = function (act, exp, msg) {
     var test = new Assertion(act, msg, assert.equal);
 
     test.assert(
         exp == flag(test, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to equal #{exp}'
       , 'expected #{this} to not equal #{act}'
       , exp
       , act
     );
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notEqual(actual, expected, [message])
    *
    * Asserts non-strict inequality (`!=`) of `actual` and `expected`.
    *
    *     assert.notEqual(3, 4, 'these numbers are not equal');
    *
    * @name notEqual
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
     var test = new Assertion(act, msg, assert.notEqual);
 
     test.assert(
         exp != flag(test, 'object')
       , 'expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}'
       , 'expected #{this} to equal #{act}'
       , exp
       , act
     );
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .strictEqual(actual, expected, [message])
    *
    * Asserts strict equality (`===`) of `actual` and `expected`.
    *
    *     assert.strictEqual(true, true, 'these booleans are strictly equal');
    *
    * @name strictEqual
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.strictEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
     new Assertion(act, msg).to.equal(exp);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notStrictEqual(actual, expected, [message])
    *
    * Asserts strict inequality (`!==`) of `actual` and `expected`.
    *
    *     assert.notStrictEqual(3, '3', 'no coercion for strict equality');
    *
    * @name notStrictEqual
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notStrictEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
     new Assertion(act, msg).to.not.equal(exp);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .deepEqual(actual, expected, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `actual` is deeply equal to `expected`.
    *
    *     assert.deepEqual({ tea: 'green' }, { tea: 'green' });
    *
    * @name deepEqual
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.deepEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
     new Assertion(act, msg).to.eql(exp);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notDeepEqual(actual, expected, [message])
    *
    * Assert that `actual` is not deeply equal to `expected`.
    *
    *     assert.notDeepEqual({ tea: 'green' }, { tea: 'jasmine' });
    *
    * @name notDeepEqual
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notDeepEqual = function (act, exp, msg) {
     new Assertion(act, msg).to.not.eql(exp);
   };
 
    /**
    * ### .isAbove(valueToCheck, valueToBeAbove, [message])
    *
    * Asserts `valueToCheck` is strictly greater than (>) `valueToBeAbove`
    *
    *     assert.isAbove(5, 2, '5 is strictly greater than 2');
    *
    * @name isAbove
    * @param {Mixed} valueToCheck
    * @param {Mixed} valueToBeAbove
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isAbove = function (val, abv, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.above(abv);
   };
 
    /**
    * ### .isAtLeast(valueToCheck, valueToBeAtLeast, [message])
    *
    * Asserts `valueToCheck` is greater than or equal to (>=) `valueToBeAtLeast`
    *
    *     assert.isAtLeast(5, 2, '5 is greater or equal to 2');
    *     assert.isAtLeast(3, 3, '3 is greater or equal to 3');
    *
    * @name isAtLeast
    * @param {Mixed} valueToCheck
    * @param {Mixed} valueToBeAtLeast
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isAtLeast = function (val, atlst, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.least(atlst);
   };
 
    /**
    * ### .isBelow(valueToCheck, valueToBeBelow, [message])
    *
    * Asserts `valueToCheck` is strictly less than (<) `valueToBeBelow`
    *
    *     assert.isBelow(3, 6, '3 is strictly less than 6');
    *
    * @name isBelow
    * @param {Mixed} valueToCheck
    * @param {Mixed} valueToBeBelow
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isBelow = function (val, blw, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.below(blw);
   };
 
    /**
    * ### .isAtMost(valueToCheck, valueToBeAtMost, [message])
    *
    * Asserts `valueToCheck` is less than or equal to (<=) `valueToBeAtMost`
    *
    *     assert.isAtMost(3, 6, '3 is less than or equal to 6');
    *     assert.isAtMost(4, 4, '4 is less than or equal to 4');
    *
    * @name isAtMost
    * @param {Mixed} valueToCheck
    * @param {Mixed} valueToBeAtMost
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isAtMost = function (val, atmst, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.most(atmst);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isTrue(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is true.
    *
    *     var teaServed = true;
    *     assert.isTrue(teaServed, 'the tea has been served');
    *
    * @name isTrue
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isTrue = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).is['true'];
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotTrue(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is not true.
    *
    *     var tea = 'tasty chai';
    *     assert.isNotTrue(tea, 'great, time for tea!');
    *
    * @name isNotTrue
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotTrue = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.equal(true);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isFalse(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is false.
    *
    *     var teaServed = false;
    *     assert.isFalse(teaServed, 'no tea yet? hmm...');
    *
    * @name isFalse
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isFalse = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).is['false'];
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotFalse(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is not false.
    *
    *     var tea = 'tasty chai';
    *     assert.isNotFalse(tea, 'great, time for tea!');
    *
    * @name isNotFalse
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotFalse = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.equal(false);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNull(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is null.
    *
    *     assert.isNull(err, 'there was no error');
    *
    * @name isNull
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNull = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.equal(null);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotNull(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is not null.
    *
    *     var tea = 'tasty chai';
    *     assert.isNotNull(tea, 'great, time for tea!');
    *
    * @name isNotNull
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotNull = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.equal(null);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNaN
    * Asserts that value is NaN
    *
    *    assert.isNaN('foo', 'foo is NaN');
    *
    * @name isNaN
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNaN = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.NaN;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotNaN
    * Asserts that value is not NaN
    *
    *    assert.isNotNaN(4, '4 is not NaN');
    *
    * @name isNotNaN
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
   assert.isNotNaN = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).not.to.be.NaN;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isUndefined(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is `undefined`.
    *
    *     var tea;
    *     assert.isUndefined(tea, 'no tea defined');
    *
    * @name isUndefined
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isUndefined = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.equal(undefined);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isDefined(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is not `undefined`.
    *
    *     var tea = 'cup of chai';
    *     assert.isDefined(tea, 'tea has been defined');
    *
    * @name isDefined
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isDefined = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.equal(undefined);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isFunction(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is a function.
    *
    *     function serveTea() { return 'cup of tea'; };
    *     assert.isFunction(serveTea, 'great, we can have tea now');
    *
    * @name isFunction
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isFunction = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('function');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotFunction(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a function.
    *
    *     var serveTea = [ 'heat', 'pour', 'sip' ];
    *     assert.isNotFunction(serveTea, 'great, we have listed the steps');
    *
    * @name isNotFunction
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotFunction = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('function');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isObject(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is an object of type 'Object' (as revealed by `Object.prototype.toString`).
    * _The assertion does not match subclassed objects._
    *
    *     var selection = { name: 'Chai', serve: 'with spices' };
    *     assert.isObject(selection, 'tea selection is an object');
    *
    * @name isObject
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isObject = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('object');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotObject(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is _not_ an object of type 'Object' (as revealed by `Object.prototype.toString`).
    *
    *     var selection = 'chai'
    *     assert.isNotObject(selection, 'tea selection is not an object');
    *     assert.isNotObject(null, 'null is not an object');
    *
    * @name isNotObject
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotObject = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('object');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isArray(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is an array.
    *
    *     var menu = [ 'green', 'chai', 'oolong' ];
    *     assert.isArray(menu, 'what kind of tea do we want?');
    *
    * @name isArray
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isArray = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.an('array');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotArray(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is _not_ an array.
    *
    *     var menu = 'green|chai|oolong';
    *     assert.isNotArray(menu, 'what kind of tea do we want?');
    *
    * @name isNotArray
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotArray = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.an('array');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isString(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is a string.
    *
    *     var teaOrder = 'chai';
    *     assert.isString(teaOrder, 'order placed');
    *
    * @name isString
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isString = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('string');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotString(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a string.
    *
    *     var teaOrder = 4;
    *     assert.isNotString(teaOrder, 'order placed');
    *
    * @name isNotString
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotString = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('string');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNumber(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is a number.
    *
    *     var cups = 2;
    *     assert.isNumber(cups, 'how many cups');
    *
    * @name isNumber
    * @param {Number} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNumber = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('number');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotNumber(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a number.
    *
    *     var cups = '2 cups please';
    *     assert.isNotNumber(cups, 'how many cups');
    *
    * @name isNotNumber
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotNumber = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('number');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isBoolean(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is a boolean.
    *
    *     var teaReady = true
    *       , teaServed = false;
    *
    *     assert.isBoolean(teaReady, 'is the tea ready');
    *     assert.isBoolean(teaServed, 'has tea been served');
    *
    * @name isBoolean
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isBoolean = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a('boolean');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotBoolean(value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is _not_ a boolean.
    *
    *     var teaReady = 'yep'
    *       , teaServed = 'nope';
    *
    *     assert.isNotBoolean(teaReady, 'is the tea ready');
    *     assert.isNotBoolean(teaServed, 'has tea been served');
    *
    * @name isNotBoolean
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotBoolean = function (val, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a('boolean');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .typeOf(value, name, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value`'s type is `name`, as determined by
    * `Object.prototype.toString`.
    *
    *     assert.typeOf({ tea: 'chai' }, 'object', 'we have an object');
    *     assert.typeOf(['chai', 'jasmine'], 'array', 'we have an array');
    *     assert.typeOf('tea', 'string', 'we have a string');
    *     assert.typeOf(/tea/, 'regexp', 'we have a regular expression');
    *     assert.typeOf(null, 'null', 'we have a null');
    *     assert.typeOf(undefined, 'undefined', 'we have an undefined');
    *
    * @name typeOf
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} name
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.typeOf = function (val, type, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.a(type);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notTypeOf(value, name, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value`'s type is _not_ `name`, as determined by
    * `Object.prototype.toString`.
    *
    *     assert.notTypeOf('tea', 'number', 'strings are not numbers');
    *
    * @name notTypeOf
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} typeof name
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notTypeOf = function (val, type, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.a(type);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .instanceOf(object, constructor, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` is an instance of `constructor`.
    *
    *     var Tea = function (name) { this.name = name; }
    *       , chai = new Tea('chai');
    *
    *     assert.instanceOf(chai, Tea, 'chai is an instance of tea');
    *
    * @name instanceOf
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {Constructor} constructor
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.instanceOf = function (val, type, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.be.instanceOf(type);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notInstanceOf(object, constructor, [message])
    *
    * Asserts `value` is not an instance of `constructor`.
    *
    *     var Tea = function (name) { this.name = name; }
    *       , chai = new String('chai');
    *
    *     assert.notInstanceOf(chai, Tea, 'chai is not an instance of tea');
    *
    * @name notInstanceOf
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {Constructor} constructor
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notInstanceOf = function (val, type, msg) {
     new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.be.instanceOf(type);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .include(haystack, needle, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `haystack` includes `needle`. Works
    * for strings and arrays.
    *
    *     assert.include('foobar', 'bar', 'foobar contains string "bar"');
    *     assert.include([ 1, 2, 3 ], 3, 'array contains value');
    *
    * @name include
    * @param {Array|String} haystack
    * @param {Mixed} needle
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.include = function (exp, inc, msg) {
     new Assertion(exp, msg, assert.include).include(inc);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notInclude(haystack, needle, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `haystack` does not include `needle`. Works
    * for strings and arrays.
    *
    *     assert.notInclude('foobar', 'baz', 'string not include substring');
    *     assert.notInclude([ 1, 2, 3 ], 4, 'array not include contain value');
    *
    * @name notInclude
    * @param {Array|String} haystack
    * @param {Mixed} needle
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notInclude = function (exp, inc, msg) {
     new Assertion(exp, msg, assert.notInclude).not.include(inc);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .match(value, regexp, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` matches the regular expression `regexp`.
    *
    *     assert.match('foobar', /^foo/, 'regexp matches');
    *
    * @name match
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {RegExp} regexp
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.match = function (exp, re, msg) {
     new Assertion(exp, msg).to.match(re);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notMatch(value, regexp, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `value` does not match the regular expression `regexp`.
    *
    *     assert.notMatch('foobar', /^foo/, 'regexp does not match');
    *
    * @name notMatch
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {RegExp} regexp
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notMatch = function (exp, re, msg) {
     new Assertion(exp, msg).to.not.match(re);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .property(object, property, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`.
    *
    *     assert.property({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea');
    *
    * @name property
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.property = function (obj, prop, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property(prop);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notProperty(object, property, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` does _not_ have a property named by `property`.
    *
    *     assert.notProperty({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'coffee');
    *
    * @name notProperty
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notProperty = function (obj, prop, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.property(prop);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .deepProperty(object, property, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`, which can be a
    * string using dot- and bracket-notation for deep reference.
    *
    *     assert.deepProperty({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.green');
    *
    * @name deepProperty
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.deepProperty = function (obj, prop, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.deep.property(prop);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .notDeepProperty(object, property, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` does _not_ have a property named by `property`, which
    * can be a string using dot- and bracket-notation for deep reference.
    *
    *     assert.notDeepProperty({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.oolong');
    *
    * @name notDeepProperty
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.notDeepProperty = function (obj, prop, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.deep.property(prop);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .propertyVal(object, property, value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property` with value given
    * by `value`.
    *
    *     assert.propertyVal({ tea: 'is good' }, 'tea', 'is good');
    *
    * @name propertyVal
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.propertyVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.property(prop, val);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .propertyNotVal(object, property, value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`, but with a value
    * different from that given by `value`.
    *
    *     assert.propertyNotVal({ tea: 'is good' }, 'tea', 'is bad');
    *
    * @name propertyNotVal
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.propertyNotVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.property(prop, val);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .deepPropertyVal(object, property, value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property` with value given
    * by `value`. `property` can use dot- and bracket-notation for deep
    * reference.
    *
    *     assert.deepPropertyVal({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.green', 'matcha');
    *
    * @name deepPropertyVal
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.deepPropertyVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.have.deep.property(prop, val);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .deepPropertyNotVal(object, property, value, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` has a property named by `property`, but with a value
    * different from that given by `value`. `property` can use dot- and
    * bracket-notation for deep reference.
    *
    *     assert.deepPropertyNotVal({ tea: { green: 'matcha' }}, 'tea.green', 'konacha');
    *
    * @name deepPropertyNotVal
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property
    * @param {Mixed} value
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.deepPropertyNotVal = function (obj, prop, val, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.have.deep.property(prop, val);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .lengthOf(object, length, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `object` has a `length` property with the expected value.
    *
    *     assert.lengthOf([1,2,3], 3, 'array has length of 3');
    *     assert.lengthOf('foobar', 6, 'string has length of 6');
    *
    * @name lengthOf
    * @param {Mixed} object
    * @param {Number} length
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.lengthOf = function (exp, len, msg) {
     new Assertion(exp, msg).to.have.length(len);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .throws(function, [constructor/string/regexp], [string/regexp], [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `function` will throw an error that is an instance of
    * `constructor`, or alternately that it will throw an error with message
    * matching `regexp`.
    *
    *     assert.throws(fn, 'function throws a reference error');
    *     assert.throws(fn, /function throws a reference error/);
    *     assert.throws(fn, ReferenceError);
    *     assert.throws(fn, ReferenceError, 'function throws a reference error');
    *     assert.throws(fn, ReferenceError, /function throws a reference error/);
    *
    * @name throws
    * @alias throw
    * @alias Throw
    * @param {Function} function
    * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
    * @param {RegExp} regexp
    * @param {String} message
    * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.throws = function (fn, errt, errs, msg) {
     if ('string' === typeof errt || errt instanceof RegExp) {
       errs = errt;
       errt = null;
     }
 
     var assertErr = new Assertion(fn, msg).to.throw(errt, errs);
     return flag(assertErr, 'object');
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .doesNotThrow(function, [constructor/regexp], [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `function` will _not_ throw an error that is an instance of
    * `constructor`, or alternately that it will not throw an error with message
    * matching `regexp`.
    *
    *     assert.doesNotThrow(fn, Error, 'function does not throw');
    *
    * @name doesNotThrow
    * @param {Function} function
    * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
    * @param {RegExp} regexp
    * @param {String} message
    * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.doesNotThrow = function (fn, type, msg) {
     if ('string' === typeof type) {
       msg = type;
       type = null;
     }
 
     new Assertion(fn, msg).to.not.Throw(type);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .operator(val1, operator, val2, [message])
    *
    * Compares two values using `operator`.
    *
    *     assert.operator(1, '<', 2, 'everything is ok');
    *     assert.operator(1, '>', 2, 'this will fail');
    *
    * @name operator
    * @param {Mixed} val1
    * @param {String} operator
    * @param {Mixed} val2
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.operator = function (val, operator, val2, msg) {
     var ok;
     switch(operator) {
       case '==':
         ok = val == val2;
         break;
       case '===':
         ok = val === val2;
         break;
       case '>':
         ok = val > val2;
         break;
       case '>=':
         ok = val >= val2;
         break;
       case '<':
         ok = val < val2;
         break;
       case '<=':
         ok = val <= val2;
         break;
       case '!=':
         ok = val != val2;
         break;
       case '!==':
         ok = val !== val2;
         break;
       default:
         throw new Error('Invalid operator "' + operator + '"');
     }
     var test = new Assertion(ok, msg);
     test.assert(
         true === flag(test, 'object')
       , 'expected ' + util.inspect(val) + ' to be ' + operator + ' ' + util.inspect(val2)
       , 'expected ' + util.inspect(val) + ' to not be ' + operator + ' ' + util.inspect(val2) );
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .closeTo(actual, expected, delta, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that the target is equal `expected`, to within a +/- `delta` range.
    *
    *     assert.closeTo(1.5, 1, 0.5, 'numbers are close');
    *
    * @name closeTo
    * @param {Number} actual
    * @param {Number} expected
    * @param {Number} delta
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.closeTo = function (act, exp, delta, msg) {
     new Assertion(act, msg).to.be.closeTo(exp, delta);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .approximately(actual, expected, delta, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that the target is equal `expected`, to within a +/- `delta` range.
    *
    *     assert.approximately(1.5, 1, 0.5, 'numbers are close');
    *
    * @name approximately
    * @param {Number} actual
    * @param {Number} expected
    * @param {Number} delta
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.approximately = function (act, exp, delta, msg) {
     new Assertion(act, msg).to.be.approximately(exp, delta);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .sameMembers(set1, set2, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `set1` and `set2` have the same members.
    * Order is not taken into account.
    *
    *     assert.sameMembers([ 1, 2, 3 ], [ 2, 1, 3 ], 'same members');
    *
    * @name sameMembers
    * @param {Array} set1
    * @param {Array} set2
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.sameMembers = function (set1, set2, msg) {
     new Assertion(set1, msg).to.have.same.members(set2);
   }
 
   /**
    * ### .sameDeepMembers(set1, set2, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `set1` and `set2` have the same members - using a deep equality checking.
    * Order is not taken into account.
    *
    *     assert.sameDeepMembers([ {b: 3}, {a: 2}, {c: 5} ], [ {c: 5}, {b: 3}, {a: 2} ], 'same deep members');
    *
    * @name sameDeepMembers
    * @param {Array} set1
    * @param {Array} set2
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.sameDeepMembers = function (set1, set2, msg) {
     new Assertion(set1, msg).to.have.same.deep.members(set2);
   }
 
   /**
    * ### .includeMembers(superset, subset, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `subset` is included in `superset`.
    * Order is not taken into account.
    *
    *     assert.includeMembers([ 1, 2, 3 ], [ 2, 1 ], 'include members');
    *
    * @name includeMembers
    * @param {Array} superset
    * @param {Array} subset
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.includeMembers = function (superset, subset, msg) {
     new Assertion(superset, msg).to.include.members(subset);
   }
 
   /**
    * ### .includeDeepMembers(superset, subset, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that `subset` is included in `superset` - using deep equality checking.
    * Order is not taken into account.
    * Duplicates are ignored.
    *
    *     assert.includeDeepMembers([ {a: 1}, {b: 2}, {c: 3} ], [ {b: 2}, {a: 1}, {b: 2} ], 'include deep members');
    *
    * @name includeDeepMembers
    * @param {Array} superset
    * @param {Array} subset
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.includeDeepMembers = function (superset, subset, msg) {
     new Assertion(superset, msg).to.include.deep.members(subset);
   }
 
   /**
    * ### .oneOf(inList, list, [message])
    *
    * Asserts that non-object, non-array value `inList` appears in the flat array `list`.
    *
    *     assert.oneOf(1, [ 2, 1 ], 'Not found in list');
    *
    * @name oneOf
    * @param {*} inList
    * @param {Array<*>} list
    * @param {String} message
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.oneOf = function (inList, list, msg) {
     new Assertion(inList, msg).to.be.oneOf(list);
   }
 
    /**
    * ### .changes(function, object, property)
    *
    * Asserts that a function changes the value of a property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 22 };
    *     assert.changes(fn, obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name changes
    * @param {Function} modifier function
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.changes = function (fn, obj, prop) {
     new Assertion(fn).to.change(obj, prop);
   }
 
    /**
    * ### .doesNotChange(function, object, property)
    *
    * Asserts that a function does not changes the value of a property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { console.log('foo'); };
    *     assert.doesNotChange(fn, obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name doesNotChange
    * @param {Function} modifier function
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.doesNotChange = function (fn, obj, prop) {
     new Assertion(fn).to.not.change(obj, prop);
   }
 
    /**
    * ### .increases(function, object, property)
    *
    * Asserts that a function increases an object property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 13 };
    *     assert.increases(fn, obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name increases
    * @param {Function} modifier function
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.increases = function (fn, obj, prop) {
     new Assertion(fn).to.increase(obj, prop);
   }
 
    /**
    * ### .doesNotIncrease(function, object, property)
    *
    * Asserts that a function does not increase object property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 8 };
    *     assert.doesNotIncrease(fn, obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name doesNotIncrease
    * @param {Function} modifier function
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.doesNotIncrease = function (fn, obj, prop) {
     new Assertion(fn).to.not.increase(obj, prop);
   }
 
    /**
    * ### .decreases(function, object, property)
    *
    * Asserts that a function decreases an object property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 5 };
    *     assert.decreases(fn, obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name decreases
    * @param {Function} modifier function
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.decreases = function (fn, obj, prop) {
     new Assertion(fn).to.decrease(obj, prop);
   }
 
    /**
    * ### .doesNotDecrease(function, object, property)
    *
    * Asserts that a function does not decreases an object property
    *
    *     var obj = { val: 10 };
    *     var fn = function() { obj.val = 15 };
    *     assert.doesNotDecrease(fn, obj, 'val');
    *
    * @name doesNotDecrease
    * @param {Function} modifier function
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} property name
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.doesNotDecrease = function (fn, obj, prop) {
     new Assertion(fn).to.not.decrease(obj, prop);
   }
 
   /*!
    * ### .ifError(object)
    *
    * Asserts if value is not a false value, and throws if it is a true value.
    * This is added to allow for chai to be a drop-in replacement for Node's
    * assert class.
    *
    *     var err = new Error('I am a custom error');
    *     assert.ifError(err); // Rethrows err!
    *
    * @name ifError
    * @param {Object} object
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.ifError = function (val) {
     if (val) {
       throw(val);
     }
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isExtensible(object)
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is extensible (can have new properties added to it).
    *
    *     assert.isExtensible({});
    *
    * @name isExtensible
    * @alias extensible
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isExtensible = function (obj, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.be.extensible;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotExtensible(object)
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is _not_ extensible.
    *
    *     var nonExtensibleObject = Object.preventExtensions({});
    *     var sealedObject = Object.seal({});
    *     var frozenObject = Object.freese({});
    *
    *     assert.isNotExtensible(nonExtensibleObject);
    *     assert.isNotExtensible(sealedObject);
    *     assert.isNotExtensible(frozenObject);
    *
    * @name isNotExtensible
    * @alias notExtensible
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotExtensible = function (obj, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.be.extensible;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isSealed(object)
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is sealed (cannot have new properties added to it
    * and its existing properties cannot be removed).
    *
    *     var sealedObject = Object.seal({});
    *     var frozenObject = Object.seal({});
    *
    *     assert.isSealed(sealedObject);
    *     assert.isSealed(frozenObject);
    *
    * @name isSealed
    * @alias sealed
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isSealed = function (obj, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.be.sealed;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotSealed(object)
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is _not_ sealed.
    *
    *     assert.isNotSealed({});
    *
    * @name isNotSealed
    * @alias notSealed
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotSealed = function (obj, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.be.sealed;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isFrozen(object)
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is frozen (cannot have new properties added to it
    * and its existing properties cannot be modified).
    *
    *     var frozenObject = Object.freeze({});
    *     assert.frozen(frozenObject);
    *
    * @name isFrozen
    * @alias frozen
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isFrozen = function (obj, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.be.frozen;
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .isNotFrozen(object)
    *
    * Asserts that `object` is _not_ frozen.
    *
    *     assert.isNotFrozen({});
    *
    * @name isNotFrozen
    * @alias notFrozen
    * @param {Object} object
    * @param {String} message _optional_
    * @namespace Assert
    * @api public
    */
 
   assert.isNotFrozen = function (obj, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, msg).to.not.be.frozen;
   };
 
   /*!
    * Aliases.
    */
 
   (function alias(name, as){
     assert[as] = assert[name];
     return alias;
   })
   ('isOk', 'ok')
   ('isNotOk', 'notOk')
   ('throws', 'throw')
   ('throws', 'Throw')
   ('isExtensible', 'extensible')
   ('isNotExtensible', 'notExtensible')
   ('isSealed', 'sealed')
   ('isNotSealed', 'notSealed')
   ('isFrozen', 'frozen')
   ('isNotFrozen', 'notFrozen');
 };
 
 },{}],7:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * chai
  * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 module.exports = function (chai, util) {
   chai.expect = function (val, message) {
     return new chai.Assertion(val, message);
   };
 
   /**
    * ### .fail(actual, expected, [message], [operator])
    *
    * Throw a failure.
    *
    * @name fail
    * @param {Mixed} actual
    * @param {Mixed} expected
    * @param {String} message
    * @param {String} operator
    * @namespace Expect
    * @api public
    */
 
   chai.expect.fail = function (actual, expected, message, operator) {
     message = message || 'expect.fail()';
     throw new chai.AssertionError(message, {
         actual: actual
       , expected: expected
       , operator: operator
     }, chai.expect.fail);
   };
 };
 
 },{}],8:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * chai
  * Copyright(c) 2011-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 module.exports = function (chai, util) {
   var Assertion = chai.Assertion;
 
   function loadShould () {
     // explicitly define this method as function as to have it's name to include as `ssfi`
     function shouldGetter() {
       if (this instanceof String || this instanceof Number || this instanceof Boolean ) {
         return new Assertion(this.valueOf(), null, shouldGetter);
       }
       return new Assertion(this, null, shouldGetter);
     }
     function shouldSetter(value) {
       // See https://github.com/chaijs/chai/issues/86: this makes
       // `whatever.should = someValue` actually set `someValue`, which is
       // especially useful for `global.should = require('chai').should()`.
       //
       // Note that we have to use [[DefineProperty]] instead of [[Put]]
       // since otherwise we would trigger this very setter!
       Object.defineProperty(this, 'should', {
         value: value,
         enumerable: true,
         configurable: true,
         writable: true
       });
     }
     // modify Object.prototype to have `should`
     Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, 'should', {
       set: shouldSetter
       , get: shouldGetter
       , configurable: true
     });
 
     var should = {};
 
     /**
      * ### .fail(actual, expected, [message], [operator])
      *
      * Throw a failure.
      *
      * @name fail
      * @param {Mixed} actual
      * @param {Mixed} expected
      * @param {String} message
      * @param {String} operator
      * @namespace Should
      * @api public
      */
 
     should.fail = function (actual, expected, message, operator) {
       message = message || 'should.fail()';
       throw new chai.AssertionError(message, {
           actual: actual
         , expected: expected
         , operator: operator
       }, should.fail);
     };
 
     /**
      * ### .equal(actual, expected, [message])
      *
      * Asserts non-strict equality (`==`) of `actual` and `expected`.
      *
      *     should.equal(3, '3', '== coerces values to strings');
      *
      * @name equal
      * @param {Mixed} actual
      * @param {Mixed} expected
      * @param {String} message
      * @namespace Should
      * @api public
      */
 
     should.equal = function (val1, val2, msg) {
       new Assertion(val1, msg).to.equal(val2);
     };
 
     /**
      * ### .throw(function, [constructor/string/regexp], [string/regexp], [message])
      *
      * Asserts that `function` will throw an error that is an instance of
      * `constructor`, or alternately that it will throw an error with message
      * matching `regexp`.
      *
      *     should.throw(fn, 'function throws a reference error');
      *     should.throw(fn, /function throws a reference error/);
      *     should.throw(fn, ReferenceError);
      *     should.throw(fn, ReferenceError, 'function throws a reference error');
      *     should.throw(fn, ReferenceError, /function throws a reference error/);
      *
      * @name throw
      * @alias Throw
      * @param {Function} function
      * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
      * @param {RegExp} regexp
      * @param {String} message
      * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
      * @namespace Should
      * @api public
      */
 
     should.Throw = function (fn, errt, errs, msg) {
       new Assertion(fn, msg).to.Throw(errt, errs);
     };
 
     /**
      * ### .exist
      *
      * Asserts that the target is neither `null` nor `undefined`.
      *
      *     var foo = 'hi';
      *
      *     should.exist(foo, 'foo exists');
      *
      * @name exist
      * @namespace Should
      * @api public
      */
 
     should.exist = function (val, msg) {
       new Assertion(val, msg).to.exist;
     }
 
     // negation
     should.not = {}
 
     /**
      * ### .not.equal(actual, expected, [message])
      *
      * Asserts non-strict inequality (`!=`) of `actual` and `expected`.
      *
      *     should.not.equal(3, 4, 'these numbers are not equal');
      *
      * @name not.equal
      * @param {Mixed} actual
      * @param {Mixed} expected
      * @param {String} message
      * @namespace Should
      * @api public
      */
 
     should.not.equal = function (val1, val2, msg) {
       new Assertion(val1, msg).to.not.equal(val2);
     };
 
     /**
      * ### .throw(function, [constructor/regexp], [message])
      *
      * Asserts that `function` will _not_ throw an error that is an instance of
      * `constructor`, or alternately that it will not throw an error with message
      * matching `regexp`.
      *
      *     should.not.throw(fn, Error, 'function does not throw');
      *
      * @name not.throw
      * @alias not.Throw
      * @param {Function} function
      * @param {ErrorConstructor} constructor
      * @param {RegExp} regexp
      * @param {String} message
      * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error#Error_types
      * @namespace Should
      * @api public
      */
 
     should.not.Throw = function (fn, errt, errs, msg) {
       new Assertion(fn, msg).to.not.Throw(errt, errs);
     };
 
     /**
      * ### .not.exist
      *
      * Asserts that the target is neither `null` nor `undefined`.
      *
      *     var bar = null;
      *
      *     should.not.exist(bar, 'bar does not exist');
      *
      * @name not.exist
      * @namespace Should
      * @api public
      */
 
     should.not.exist = function (val, msg) {
       new Assertion(val, msg).to.not.exist;
     }
 
     should['throw'] = should['Throw'];
     should.not['throw'] = should.not['Throw'];
 
     return should;
   };
 
   chai.should = loadShould;
   chai.Should = loadShould;
 };
 
 },{}],9:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - addChainingMethod utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Module dependencies
  */
 
 var transferFlags = require('./transferFlags');
 var flag = require('./flag');
 var config = require('../config');
 
 /*!
  * Module variables
  */
 
 // Check whether `__proto__` is supported
 var hasProtoSupport = '__proto__' in Object;
 
 // Without `__proto__` support, this module will need to add properties to a function.
 // However, some Function.prototype methods cannot be overwritten,
 // and there seems no easy cross-platform way to detect them (@see chaijs/chai/issues/69).
 var excludeNames = /^(?:length|name|arguments|caller)$/;
 
 // Cache `Function` properties
 var call  = Function.prototype.call,
     apply = Function.prototype.apply;
 
 /**
  * ### addChainableMethod (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior)
  *
  * Adds a method to an object, such that the method can also be chained.
  *
  *     utils.addChainableMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'foo', function (str) {
  *       var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
  *       new chai.Assertion(obj).to.be.equal(str);
  *     });
  *
  * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
  *
  *     chai.Assertion.addChainableMethod('foo', fn, chainingBehavior);
  *
  * The result can then be used as both a method assertion, executing both `method` and
  * `chainingBehavior`, or as a language chain, which only executes `chainingBehavior`.
  *
  *     expect(fooStr).to.be.foo('bar');
  *     expect(fooStr).to.be.foo.equal('foo');
  *
  * @param {Object} ctx object to which the method is added
  * @param {String} name of method to add
  * @param {Function} method function to be used for `name`, when called
  * @param {Function} chainingBehavior function to be called every time the property is accessed
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name addChainableMethod
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior) {
   if (typeof chainingBehavior !== 'function') {
     chainingBehavior = function () { };
   }
 
   var chainableBehavior = {
       method: method
     , chainingBehavior: chainingBehavior
   };
 
   // save the methods so we can overwrite them later, if we need to.
   if (!ctx.__methods) {
     ctx.__methods = {};
   }
   ctx.__methods[name] = chainableBehavior;
 
   Object.defineProperty(ctx, name,
     { get: function () {
         chainableBehavior.chainingBehavior.call(this);
 
         var assert = function assert() {
           var old_ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
           if (old_ssfi && config.includeStack === false)
             flag(this, 'ssfi', assert);
           var result = chainableBehavior.method.apply(this, arguments);
           return result === undefined ? this : result;
         };
 
         // Use `__proto__` if available
         if (hasProtoSupport) {
           // Inherit all properties from the object by replacing the `Function` prototype
           var prototype = assert.__proto__ = Object.create(this);
           // Restore the `call` and `apply` methods from `Function`
           prototype.call = call;
           prototype.apply = apply;
         }
         // Otherwise, redefine all properties (slow!)
         else {
           var asserterNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(ctx);
           asserterNames.forEach(function (asserterName) {
             if (!excludeNames.test(asserterName)) {
               var pd = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(ctx, asserterName);
               Object.defineProperty(assert, asserterName, pd);
             }
           });
         }
 
         transferFlags(this, assert);
         return assert;
       }
     , configurable: true
   });
 };
 
 },{"../config":4,"./flag":13,"./transferFlags":29}],10:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - addMethod utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 var config = require('../config');
 
 /**
  * ### .addMethod (ctx, name, method)
  *
  * Adds a method to the prototype of an object.
  *
  *     utils.addMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'foo', function (str) {
  *       var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
  *       new chai.Assertion(obj).to.be.equal(str);
  *     });
  *
  * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
  *
  *     chai.Assertion.addMethod('foo', fn);
  *
  * Then can be used as any other assertion.
  *
  *     expect(fooStr).to.be.foo('bar');
  *
  * @param {Object} ctx object to which the method is added
  * @param {String} name of method to add
  * @param {Function} method function to be used for name
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name addMethod
  * @api public
  */
 var flag = require('./flag');
 
 module.exports = function (ctx, name, method) {
   ctx[name] = function () {
     var old_ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
     if (old_ssfi && config.includeStack === false)
       flag(this, 'ssfi', ctx[name]);
     var result = method.apply(this, arguments);
     return result === undefined ? this : result;
   };
 };
 
 },{"../config":4,"./flag":13}],11:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - addProperty utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 var config = require('../config');
 var flag = require('./flag');
 
 /**
  * ### addProperty (ctx, name, getter)
  *
  * Adds a property to the prototype of an object.
  *
  *     utils.addProperty(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'foo', function () {
  *       var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
  *       new chai.Assertion(obj).to.be.instanceof(Foo);
  *     });
  *
  * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
  *
  *     chai.Assertion.addProperty('foo', fn);
  *
  * Then can be used as any other assertion.
  *
  *     expect(myFoo).to.be.foo;
  *
  * @param {Object} ctx object to which the property is added
  * @param {String} name of property to add
  * @param {Function} getter function to be used for name
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name addProperty
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function (ctx, name, getter) {
   Object.defineProperty(ctx, name,
     { get: function addProperty() {
         var old_ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
         if (old_ssfi && config.includeStack === false)
           flag(this, 'ssfi', addProperty);
 
         var result = getter.call(this);
         return result === undefined ? this : result;
       }
     , configurable: true
   });
 };
 
 },{"../config":4,"./flag":13}],12:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - expectTypes utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### expectTypes(obj, types)
  *
  * Ensures that the object being tested against is of a valid type.
  *
  *     utils.expectTypes(this, ['array', 'object', 'string']);
  *
  * @param {Mixed} obj constructed Assertion
  * @param {Array} type A list of allowed types for this assertion
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name expectTypes
  * @api public
  */
 
 var AssertionError = require('assertion-error');
 var flag = require('./flag');
 var type = require('type-detect');
 
 module.exports = function (obj, types) {
   var obj = flag(obj, 'object');
   types = types.map(function (t) { return t.toLowerCase(); });
   types.sort();
 
   // Transforms ['lorem', 'ipsum'] into 'a lirum, or an ipsum'
   var str = types.map(function (t, index) {
     var art = ~[ 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u' ].indexOf(t.charAt(0)) ? 'an' : 'a';
     var or = types.length > 1 && index === types.length - 1 ? 'or ' : '';
     return or + art + ' ' + t;
   }).join(', ');
 
   if (!types.some(function (expected) { return type(obj) === expected; })) {
     throw new AssertionError(
       'object tested must be ' + str + ', but ' + type(obj) + ' given'
     );
   }
 };
 
 },{"./flag":13,"assertion-error":30,"type-detect":35}],13:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - flag utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### flag(object, key, [value])
  *
  * Get or set a flag value on an object. If a
  * value is provided it will be set, else it will
  * return the currently set value or `undefined` if
  * the value is not set.
  *
  *     utils.flag(this, 'foo', 'bar'); // setter
  *     utils.flag(this, 'foo'); // getter, returns `bar`
  *
  * @param {Object} object constructed Assertion
  * @param {String} key
  * @param {Mixed} value (optional)
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name flag
  * @api private
  */
 
 module.exports = function (obj, key, value) {
   var flags = obj.__flags || (obj.__flags = Object.create(null));
   if (arguments.length === 3) {
     flags[key] = value;
   } else {
     return flags[key];
   }
 };
 
 },{}],14:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - getActual utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * # getActual(object, [actual])
  *
  * Returns the `actual` value for an Assertion
  *
  * @param {Object} object (constructed Assertion)
  * @param {Arguments} chai.Assertion.prototype.assert arguments
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getActual
  */
 
 module.exports = function (obj, args) {
   return args.length > 4 ? args[4] : obj._obj;
 };
 
 },{}],15:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - getEnumerableProperties utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### .getEnumerableProperties(object)
  *
  * This allows the retrieval of enumerable property names of an object,
  * inherited or not.
  *
  * @param {Object} object
  * @returns {Array}
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getEnumerableProperties
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function getEnumerableProperties(object) {
   var result = [];
   for (var name in object) {
     result.push(name);
   }
   return result;
 };
 
 },{}],16:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - message composition utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Module dependancies
  */
 
 var flag = require('./flag')
   , getActual = require('./getActual')
   , inspect = require('./inspect')
   , objDisplay = require('./objDisplay');
 
 /**
  * ### .getMessage(object, message, negateMessage)
  *
  * Construct the error message based on flags
  * and template tags. Template tags will return
  * a stringified inspection of the object referenced.
  *
  * Message template tags:
  * - `#{this}` current asserted object
  * - `#{act}` actual value
  * - `#{exp}` expected value
  *
  * @param {Object} object (constructed Assertion)
  * @param {Arguments} chai.Assertion.prototype.assert arguments
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getMessage
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function (obj, args) {
   var negate = flag(obj, 'negate')
     , val = flag(obj, 'object')
     , expected = args[3]
     , actual = getActual(obj, args)
     , msg = negate ? args[2] : args[1]
     , flagMsg = flag(obj, 'message');
 
   if(typeof msg === "function") msg = msg();
   msg = msg || '';
   msg = msg
     .replace(/#\{this\}/g, function () { return objDisplay(val); })
     .replace(/#\{act\}/g, function () { return objDisplay(actual); })
     .replace(/#\{exp\}/g, function () { return objDisplay(expected); });
 
   return flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' + msg : msg;
 };
 
 },{"./flag":13,"./getActual":14,"./inspect":23,"./objDisplay":24}],17:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - getName utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * # getName(func)
  *
  * Gets the name of a function, in a cross-browser way.
  *
  * @param {Function} a function (usually a constructor)
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getName
  */
 
 module.exports = function (func) {
   if (func.name) return func.name;
 
   var match = /^\s?function ([^(]*)\(/.exec(func);
   return match && match[1] ? match[1] : "";
 };
 
 },{}],18:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - getPathInfo utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 var hasProperty = require('./hasProperty');
 
 /**
  * ### .getPathInfo(path, object)
  *
  * This allows the retrieval of property info in an
  * object given a string path.
  *
  * The path info consists of an object with the
  * following properties:
  *
  * * parent - The parent object of the property referenced by `path`
  * * name - The name of the final property, a number if it was an array indexer
  * * value - The value of the property, if it exists, otherwise `undefined`
  * * exists - Whether the property exists or not
  *
  * @param {String} path
  * @param {Object} object
  * @returns {Object} info
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getPathInfo
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function getPathInfo(path, obj) {
   var parsed = parsePath(path),
       last = parsed[parsed.length - 1];
 
   var info = {
     parent: parsed.length > 1 ? _getPathValue(parsed, obj, parsed.length - 1) : obj,
     name: last.p || last.i,
     value: _getPathValue(parsed, obj)
   };
   info.exists = hasProperty(info.name, info.parent);
 
   return info;
 };
 
 
 /*!
  * ## parsePath(path)
  *
  * Helper function used to parse string object
  * paths. Use in conjunction with `_getPathValue`.
  *
  *      var parsed = parsePath('myobject.property.subprop');
  *
  * ### Paths:
  *
  * * Can be as near infinitely deep and nested
  * * Arrays are also valid using the formal `myobject.document[3].property`.
  * * Literal dots and brackets (not delimiter) must be backslash-escaped.
  *
  * @param {String} path
  * @returns {Object} parsed
  * @api private
  */
 
 function parsePath (path) {
   var str = path.replace(/([^\\])\[/g, '$1.[')
     , parts = str.match(/(\\\.|[^.]+?)+/g);
   return parts.map(function (value) {
     var re = /^\[(\d+)\]$/
       , mArr = re.exec(value);
     if (mArr) return { i: parseFloat(mArr[1]) };
     else return { p: value.replace(/\\([.\[\]])/g, '$1') };
   });
 }
 
 
 /*!
  * ## _getPathValue(parsed, obj)
  *
  * Helper companion function for `.parsePath` that returns
  * the value located at the parsed address.
  *
  *      var value = getPathValue(parsed, obj);
  *
  * @param {Object} parsed definition from `parsePath`.
  * @param {Object} object to search against
  * @param {Number} object to search against
  * @returns {Object|Undefined} value
  * @api private
  */
 
 function _getPathValue (parsed, obj, index) {
   var tmp = obj
     , res;
 
   index = (index === undefined ? parsed.length : index);
 
   for (var i = 0, l = index; i < l; i++) {
     var part = parsed[i];
     if (tmp) {
       if ('undefined' !== typeof part.p)
         tmp = tmp[part.p];
       else if ('undefined' !== typeof part.i)
         tmp = tmp[part.i];
       if (i == (l - 1)) res = tmp;
     } else {
       res = undefined;
     }
   }
   return res;
 }
 
 },{"./hasProperty":21}],19:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - getPathValue utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * @see https://github.com/logicalparadox/filtr
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 var getPathInfo = require('./getPathInfo');
 
 /**
  * ### .getPathValue(path, object)
  *
  * This allows the retrieval of values in an
  * object given a string path.
  *
  *     var obj = {
  *         prop1: {
  *             arr: ['a', 'b', 'c']
  *           , str: 'Hello'
  *         }
  *       , prop2: {
  *             arr: [ { nested: 'Universe' } ]
  *           , str: 'Hello again!'
  *         }
  *     }
  *
  * The following would be the results.
  *
  *     getPathValue('prop1.str', obj); // Hello
  *     getPathValue('prop1.att[2]', obj); // b
  *     getPathValue('prop2.arr[0].nested', obj); // Universe
  *
  * @param {String} path
  * @param {Object} object
  * @returns {Object} value or `undefined`
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getPathValue
  * @api public
  */
 module.exports = function(path, obj) {
   var info = getPathInfo(path, obj);
   return info.value;
 };
 
 },{"./getPathInfo":18}],20:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - getProperties utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### .getProperties(object)
  *
  * This allows the retrieval of property names of an object, enumerable or not,
  * inherited or not.
  *
  * @param {Object} object
  * @returns {Array}
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getProperties
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function getProperties(object) {
   var result = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(object);
 
   function addProperty(property) {
     if (result.indexOf(property) === -1) {
       result.push(property);
     }
   }
 
   var proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(object);
   while (proto !== null) {
     Object.getOwnPropertyNames(proto).forEach(addProperty);
     proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(proto);
   }
 
   return result;
 };
 
 },{}],21:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - hasProperty utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 var type = require('type-detect');
 
 /**
  * ### .hasProperty(object, name)
  *
  * This allows checking whether an object has
  * named property or numeric array index.
  *
  * Basically does the same thing as the `in`
  * operator but works properly with natives
  * and null/undefined values.
  *
  *     var obj = {
  *         arr: ['a', 'b', 'c']
  *       , str: 'Hello'
  *     }
  *
  * The following would be the results.
  *
  *     hasProperty('str', obj);  // true
  *     hasProperty('constructor', obj);  // true
  *     hasProperty('bar', obj);  // false
  *
  *     hasProperty('length', obj.str); // true
  *     hasProperty(1, obj.str);  // true
  *     hasProperty(5, obj.str);  // false
  *
  *     hasProperty('length', obj.arr);  // true
  *     hasProperty(2, obj.arr);  // true
  *     hasProperty(3, obj.arr);  // false
  *
  * @param {Objuect} object
  * @param {String|Number} name
  * @returns {Boolean} whether it exists
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name getPathInfo
  * @api public
  */
 
 var literals = {
     'number': Number
   , 'string': String
 };
 
 module.exports = function hasProperty(name, obj) {
   var ot = type(obj);
 
   // Bad Object, obviously no props at all
   if(ot === 'null' || ot === 'undefined')
     return false;
 
   // The `in` operator does not work with certain literals
   // box these before the check
   if(literals[ot] && typeof obj !== 'object')
     obj = new literals[ot](obj);
 
   return name in obj;
 };
 
 },{"type-detect":35}],22:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * chai
  * Copyright(c) 2011 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Main exports
  */
 
 var exports = module.exports = {};
 
 /*!
  * test utility
  */
 
 exports.test = require('./test');
 
 /*!
  * type utility
  */
 
 exports.type = require('type-detect');
 
 /*!
  * expectTypes utility
  */
 exports.expectTypes = require('./expectTypes');
 
 /*!
  * message utility
  */
 
 exports.getMessage = require('./getMessage');
 
 /*!
  * actual utility
  */
 
 exports.getActual = require('./getActual');
 
 /*!
  * Inspect util
  */
 
 exports.inspect = require('./inspect');
 
 /*!
  * Object Display util
  */
 
 exports.objDisplay = require('./objDisplay');
 
 /*!
  * Flag utility
  */
 
 exports.flag = require('./flag');
 
 /*!
  * Flag transferring utility
  */
 
 exports.transferFlags = require('./transferFlags');
 
 /*!
  * Deep equal utility
  */
 
 exports.eql = require('deep-eql');
 
 /*!
  * Deep path value
  */
 
 exports.getPathValue = require('./getPathValue');
 
 /*!
  * Deep path info
  */
 
 exports.getPathInfo = require('./getPathInfo');
 
 /*!
  * Check if a property exists
  */
 
 exports.hasProperty = require('./hasProperty');
 
 /*!
  * Function name
  */
 
 exports.getName = require('./getName');
 
 /*!
  * add Property
  */
 
 exports.addProperty = require('./addProperty');
 
 /*!
  * add Method
  */
 
 exports.addMethod = require('./addMethod');
 
 /*!
  * overwrite Property
  */
 
 exports.overwriteProperty = require('./overwriteProperty');
 
 /*!
  * overwrite Method
  */
 
 exports.overwriteMethod = require('./overwriteMethod');
 
 /*!
  * Add a chainable method
  */
 
 exports.addChainableMethod = require('./addChainableMethod');
 
 /*!
  * Overwrite chainable method
  */
 
 exports.overwriteChainableMethod = require('./overwriteChainableMethod');
 
 },{"./addChainableMethod":9,"./addMethod":10,"./addProperty":11,"./expectTypes":12,"./flag":13,"./getActual":14,"./getMessage":16,"./getName":17,"./getPathInfo":18,"./getPathValue":19,"./hasProperty":21,"./inspect":23,"./objDisplay":24,"./overwriteChainableMethod":25,"./overwriteMethod":26,"./overwriteProperty":27,"./test":28,"./transferFlags":29,"deep-eql":31,"type-detect":35}],23:[function(require,module,exports){
 // This is (almost) directly from Node.js utils
 // https://github.com/joyent/node/blob/f8c335d0caf47f16d31413f89aa28eda3878e3aa/lib/util.js
 
 var getName = require('./getName');
 var getProperties = require('./getProperties');
 var getEnumerableProperties = require('./getEnumerableProperties');
 
 module.exports = inspect;
 
 /**
  * Echos the value of a value. Trys to print the value out
  * in the best way possible given the different types.
  *
  * @param {Object} obj The object to print out.
  * @param {Boolean} showHidden Flag that shows hidden (not enumerable)
  *    properties of objects.
  * @param {Number} depth Depth in which to descend in object. Default is 2.
  * @param {Boolean} colors Flag to turn on ANSI escape codes to color the
  *    output. Default is false (no coloring).
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name inspect
  */
 function inspect(obj, showHidden, depth, colors) {
   var ctx = {
     showHidden: showHidden,
     seen: [],
     stylize: function (str) { return str; }
   };
   return formatValue(ctx, obj, (typeof depth === 'undefined' ? 2 : depth));
 }
 
 // Returns true if object is a DOM element.
 var isDOMElement = function (object) {
   if (typeof HTMLElement === 'object') {
     return object instanceof HTMLElement;
   } else {
     return object &&
       typeof object === 'object' &&
       object.nodeType === 1 &&
       typeof object.nodeName === 'string';
   }
 };
 
 function formatValue(ctx, value, recurseTimes) {
   // Provide a hook for user-specified inspect functions.
   // Check that value is an object with an inspect function on it
   if (value && typeof value.inspect === 'function' &&
       // Filter out the util module, it's inspect function is special
       value.inspect !== exports.inspect &&
       // Also filter out any prototype objects using the circular check.
       !(value.constructor && value.constructor.prototype === value)) {
     var ret = value.inspect(recurseTimes);
     if (typeof ret !== 'string') {
       ret = formatValue(ctx, ret, recurseTimes);
     }
     return ret;
   }
 
   // Primitive types cannot have properties
   var primitive = formatPrimitive(ctx, value);
   if (primitive) {
     return primitive;
   }
 
   // If this is a DOM element, try to get the outer HTML.
   if (isDOMElement(value)) {
     if ('outerHTML' in value) {
       return value.outerHTML;
       // This value does not have an outerHTML attribute,
       //   it could still be an XML element
     } else {
       // Attempt to serialize it
       try {
         if (document.xmlVersion) {
           var xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer();
           return xmlSerializer.serializeToString(value);
         } else {
           // Firefox 11- do not support outerHTML
           //   It does, however, support innerHTML
           //   Use the following to render the element
           var ns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";
           var container = document.createElementNS(ns, '_');
 
           container.appendChild(value.cloneNode(false));
           html = container.innerHTML
             .replace('><', '>' + value.innerHTML + '<');
           container.innerHTML = '';
           return html;
         }
       } catch (err) {
         // This could be a non-native DOM implementation,
         //   continue with the normal flow:
         //   printing the element as if it is an object.
       }
     }
   }
 
   // Look up the keys of the object.
   var visibleKeys = getEnumerableProperties(value);
   var keys = ctx.showHidden ? getProperties(value) : visibleKeys;
 
   // Some type of object without properties can be shortcutted.
   // In IE, errors have a single `stack` property, or if they are vanilla `Error`,
   // a `stack` plus `description` property; ignore those for consistency.
   if (keys.length === 0 || (isError(value) && (
       (keys.length === 1 && keys[0] === 'stack') ||
       (keys.length === 2 && keys[0] === 'description' && keys[1] === 'stack')
      ))) {
     if (typeof value === 'function') {
       var name = getName(value);
       var nameSuffix = name ? ': ' + name : '';
       return ctx.stylize('[Function' + nameSuffix + ']', 'special');
     }
     if (isRegExp(value)) {
       return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
     }
     if (isDate(value)) {
       return ctx.stylize(Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value), 'date');
     }
     if (isError(value)) {
       return formatError(value);
     }
   }
 
   var base = '', array = false, braces = ['{', '}'];
 
   // Make Array say that they are Array
   if (isArray(value)) {
     array = true;
     braces = ['[', ']'];
   }
 
   // Make functions say that they are functions
   if (typeof value === 'function') {
     var name = getName(value);
     var nameSuffix = name ? ': ' + name : '';
     base = ' [Function' + nameSuffix + ']';
   }
 
   // Make RegExps say that they are RegExps
   if (isRegExp(value)) {
     base = ' ' + RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value);
   }
 
   // Make dates with properties first say the date
   if (isDate(value)) {
     base = ' ' + Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value);
   }
 
   // Make error with message first say the error
   if (isError(value)) {
     return formatError(value);
   }
 
   if (keys.length === 0 && (!array || value.length == 0)) {
     return braces[0] + base + braces[1];
   }
 
   if (recurseTimes < 0) {
     if (isRegExp(value)) {
       return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
     } else {
       return ctx.stylize('[Object]', 'special');
     }
   }
 
   ctx.seen.push(value);
 
   var output;
   if (array) {
     output = formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys);
   } else {
     output = keys.map(function(key) {
       return formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array);
     });
   }
 
   ctx.seen.pop();
 
   return reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces);
 }
 
 
 function formatPrimitive(ctx, value) {
   switch (typeof value) {
     case 'undefined':
       return ctx.stylize('undefined', 'undefined');
 
     case 'string':
       var simple = '\'' + JSON.stringify(value).replace(/^"|"$/g, '')
                                                .replace(/'/g, "\\'")
                                                .replace(/\\"/g, '"') + '\'';
       return ctx.stylize(simple, 'string');
 
     case 'number':
       if (value === 0 && (1/value) === -Infinity) {
         return ctx.stylize('-0', 'number');
       }
       return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'number');
 
     case 'boolean':
       return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'boolean');
   }
   // For some reason typeof null is "object", so special case here.
   if (value === null) {
     return ctx.stylize('null', 'null');
   }
 }
 
 
 function formatError(value) {
   return '[' + Error.prototype.toString.call(value) + ']';
 }
 
 
 function formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys) {
   var output = [];
   for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; ++i) {
     if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, String(i))) {
       output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
           String(i), true));
     } else {
       output.push('');
     }
   }
   keys.forEach(function(key) {
     if (!key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
       output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
           key, true));
     }
   });
   return output;
 }
 
 
 function formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array) {
   var name, str;
   if (value.__lookupGetter__) {
     if (value.__lookupGetter__(key)) {
       if (value.__lookupSetter__(key)) {
         str = ctx.stylize('[Getter/Setter]', 'special');
       } else {
         str = ctx.stylize('[Getter]', 'special');
       }
     } else {
       if (value.__lookupSetter__(key)) {
         str = ctx.stylize('[Setter]', 'special');
       }
     }
   }
   if (visibleKeys.indexOf(key) < 0) {
     name = '[' + key + ']';
   }
   if (!str) {
     if (ctx.seen.indexOf(value[key]) < 0) {
       if (recurseTimes === null) {
         str = formatValue(ctx, value[key], null);
       } else {
         str = formatValue(ctx, value[key], recurseTimes - 1);
       }
       if (str.indexOf('\n') > -1) {
         if (array) {
           str = str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
             return '  ' + line;
           }).join('\n').substr(2);
         } else {
           str = '\n' + str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
             return '   ' + line;
           }).join('\n');
         }
       }
     } else {
       str = ctx.stylize('[Circular]', 'special');
     }
   }
   if (typeof name === 'undefined') {
     if (array && key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
       return str;
     }
     name = JSON.stringify('' + key);
     if (name.match(/^"([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)"$/)) {
       name = name.substr(1, name.length - 2);
       name = ctx.stylize(name, 'name');
     } else {
       name = name.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
                  .replace(/\\"/g, '"')
                  .replace(/(^"|"$)/g, "'");
       name = ctx.stylize(name, 'string');
     }
   }
 
   return name + ': ' + str;
 }
 
 
 function reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces) {
   var numLinesEst = 0;
   var length = output.reduce(function(prev, cur) {
     numLinesEst++;
     if (cur.indexOf('\n') >= 0) numLinesEst++;
     return prev + cur.length + 1;
   }, 0);
 
   if (length > 60) {
     return braces[0] +
            (base === '' ? '' : base + '\n ') +
            ' ' +
            output.join(',\n  ') +
            ' ' +
            braces[1];
   }
 
   return braces[0] + base + ' ' + output.join(', ') + ' ' + braces[1];
 }
 
 function isArray(ar) {
   return Array.isArray(ar) ||
          (typeof ar === 'object' && objectToString(ar) === '[object Array]');
 }
 
 function isRegExp(re) {
   return typeof re === 'object' && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
 }
 
 function isDate(d) {
   return typeof d === 'object' && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
 }
 
 function isError(e) {
   return typeof e === 'object' && objectToString(e) === '[object Error]';
 }
 
 function objectToString(o) {
   return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
 }
 
 },{"./getEnumerableProperties":15,"./getName":17,"./getProperties":20}],24:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - flag utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Module dependancies
  */
 
 var inspect = require('./inspect');
 var config = require('../config');
 
 /**
  * ### .objDisplay (object)
  *
  * Determines if an object or an array matches
  * criteria to be inspected in-line for error
  * messages or should be truncated.
  *
  * @param {Mixed} javascript object to inspect
  * @name objDisplay
  * @namespace Utils
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function (obj) {
   var str = inspect(obj)
     , type = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);
 
   if (config.truncateThreshold && str.length >= config.truncateThreshold) {
     if (type === '[object Function]') {
       return !obj.name || obj.name === ''
         ? '[Function]'
         : '[Function: ' + obj.name + ']';
     } else if (type === '[object Array]') {
       return '[ Array(' + obj.length + ') ]';
     } else if (type === '[object Object]') {
       var keys = Object.keys(obj)
         , kstr = keys.length > 2
           ? keys.splice(0, 2).join(', ') + ', ...'
           : keys.join(', ');
       return '{ Object (' + kstr + ') }';
     } else {
       return str;
     }
   } else {
     return str;
   }
 };
 
 },{"../config":4,"./inspect":23}],25:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - overwriteChainableMethod utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### overwriteChainableMethod (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior)
  *
  * Overwites an already existing chainable method
  * and provides access to the previous function or
  * property.  Must return functions to be used for
  * name.
  *
  *     utils.overwriteChainableMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'length',
  *       function (_super) {
  *       }
  *     , function (_super) {
  *       }
  *     );
  *
  * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
  *
  *     chai.Assertion.overwriteChainableMethod('foo', fn, fn);
  *
  * Then can be used as any other assertion.
  *
  *     expect(myFoo).to.have.length(3);
  *     expect(myFoo).to.have.length.above(3);
  *
  * @param {Object} ctx object whose method / property is to be overwritten
  * @param {String} name of method / property to overwrite
  * @param {Function} method function that returns a function to be used for name
  * @param {Function} chainingBehavior function that returns a function to be used for property
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name overwriteChainableMethod
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function (ctx, name, method, chainingBehavior) {
   var chainableBehavior = ctx.__methods[name];
 
   var _chainingBehavior = chainableBehavior.chainingBehavior;
   chainableBehavior.chainingBehavior = function () {
     var result = chainingBehavior(_chainingBehavior).call(this);
     return result === undefined ? this : result;
   };
 
   var _method = chainableBehavior.method;
   chainableBehavior.method = function () {
     var result = method(_method).apply(this, arguments);
     return result === undefined ? this : result;
   };
 };
 
 },{}],26:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - overwriteMethod utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### overwriteMethod (ctx, name, fn)
  *
  * Overwites an already existing method and provides
  * access to previous function. Must return function
  * to be used for name.
  *
  *     utils.overwriteMethod(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'equal', function (_super) {
  *       return function (str) {
  *         var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
  *         if (obj instanceof Foo) {
  *           new chai.Assertion(obj.value).to.equal(str);
  *         } else {
  *           _super.apply(this, arguments);
  *         }
  *       }
  *     });
  *
  * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
  *
  *     chai.Assertion.overwriteMethod('foo', fn);
  *
  * Then can be used as any other assertion.
  *
  *     expect(myFoo).to.equal('bar');
  *
  * @param {Object} ctx object whose method is to be overwritten
  * @param {String} name of method to overwrite
  * @param {Function} method function that returns a function to be used for name
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name overwriteMethod
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function (ctx, name, method) {
   var _method = ctx[name]
     , _super = function () { return this; };
 
   if (_method && 'function' === typeof _method)
     _super = _method;
 
   ctx[name] = function () {
     var result = method(_super).apply(this, arguments);
     return result === undefined ? this : result;
   }
 };
 
 },{}],27:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - overwriteProperty utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### overwriteProperty (ctx, name, fn)
  *
  * Overwites an already existing property getter and provides
  * access to previous value. Must return function to use as getter.
  *
  *     utils.overwriteProperty(chai.Assertion.prototype, 'ok', function (_super) {
  *       return function () {
  *         var obj = utils.flag(this, 'object');
  *         if (obj instanceof Foo) {
  *           new chai.Assertion(obj.name).to.equal('bar');
  *         } else {
  *           _super.call(this);
  *         }
  *       }
  *     });
  *
  *
  * Can also be accessed directly from `chai.Assertion`.
  *
  *     chai.Assertion.overwriteProperty('foo', fn);
  *
  * Then can be used as any other assertion.
  *
  *     expect(myFoo).to.be.ok;
  *
  * @param {Object} ctx object whose property is to be overwritten
  * @param {String} name of property to overwrite
  * @param {Function} getter function that returns a getter function to be used for name
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name overwriteProperty
  * @api public
  */
 
 module.exports = function (ctx, name, getter) {
   var _get = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(ctx, name)
     , _super = function () {};
 
   if (_get && 'function' === typeof _get.get)
     _super = _get.get
 
   Object.defineProperty(ctx, name,
     { get: function () {
         var result = getter(_super).call(this);
         return result === undefined ? this : result;
       }
     , configurable: true
   });
 };
 
 },{}],28:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - test utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Module dependancies
  */
 
 var flag = require('./flag');
 
 /**
  * # test(object, expression)
  *
  * Test and object for expression.
  *
  * @param {Object} object (constructed Assertion)
  * @param {Arguments} chai.Assertion.prototype.assert arguments
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name test
  */
 
 module.exports = function (obj, args) {
   var negate = flag(obj, 'negate')
     , expr = args[0];
   return negate ? !expr : expr;
 };
 
 },{"./flag":13}],29:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * Chai - transferFlags utility
  * Copyright(c) 2012-2014 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /**
  * ### transferFlags(assertion, object, includeAll = true)
  *
  * Transfer all the flags for `assertion` to `object`. If
  * `includeAll` is set to `false`, then the base Chai
  * assertion flags (namely `object`, `ssfi`, and `message`)
  * will not be transferred.
  *
  *
  *     var newAssertion = new Assertion();
  *     utils.transferFlags(assertion, newAssertion);
  *
  *     var anotherAsseriton = new Assertion(myObj);
  *     utils.transferFlags(assertion, anotherAssertion, false);
  *
  * @param {Assertion} assertion the assertion to transfer the flags from
  * @param {Object} object the object to transfer the flags to; usually a new assertion
  * @param {Boolean} includeAll
  * @namespace Utils
  * @name transferFlags
  * @api private
  */
 
 module.exports = function (assertion, object, includeAll) {
   var flags = assertion.__flags || (assertion.__flags = Object.create(null));
 
   if (!object.__flags) {
     object.__flags = Object.create(null);
   }
 
   includeAll = arguments.length === 3 ? includeAll : true;
 
   for (var flag in flags) {
     if (includeAll ||
         (flag !== 'object' && flag !== 'ssfi' && flag != 'message')) {
       object.__flags[flag] = flags[flag];
     }
   }
 };
 
 },{}],30:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * assertion-error
  * Copyright(c) 2013 Jake Luer <jake@qualiancy.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Return a function that will copy properties from
  * one object to another excluding any originally
  * listed. Returned function will create a new `{}`.
  *
  * @param {String} excluded properties ...
  * @return {Function}
  */
 
 function exclude () {
   var excludes = [].slice.call(arguments);
 
   function excludeProps (res, obj) {
     Object.keys(obj).forEach(function (key) {
       if (!~excludes.indexOf(key)) res[key] = obj[key];
     });
   }
 
   return function extendExclude () {
     var args = [].slice.call(arguments)
       , i = 0
       , res = {};
 
     for (; i < args.length; i++) {
       excludeProps(res, args[i]);
     }
 
     return res;
   };
 };
 
 /*!
  * Primary Exports
  */
 
 module.exports = AssertionError;
 
 /**
  * ### AssertionError
  *
  * An extension of the JavaScript `Error` constructor for
  * assertion and validation scenarios.
  *
  * @param {String} message
  * @param {Object} properties to include (optional)
  * @param {callee} start stack function (optional)
  */
 
 function AssertionError (message, _props, ssf) {
   var extend = exclude('name', 'message', 'stack', 'constructor', 'toJSON')
     , props = extend(_props || {});
 
   // default values
   this.message = message || 'Unspecified AssertionError';
   this.showDiff = false;
 
   // copy from properties
   for (var key in props) {
     this[key] = props[key];
   }
 
   // capture stack trace
   ssf = ssf || arguments.callee;
   if (ssf && Error.captureStackTrace) {
     Error.captureStackTrace(this, ssf);
   } else {
     this.stack = new Error().stack;
   }
 }
 
 /*!
  * Inherit from Error.prototype
  */
 
 AssertionError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype);
 
 /*!
  * Statically set name
  */
 
 AssertionError.prototype.name = 'AssertionError';
 
 /*!
  * Ensure correct constructor
  */
 
 AssertionError.prototype.constructor = AssertionError;
 
 /**
  * Allow errors to be converted to JSON for static transfer.
  *
  * @param {Boolean} include stack (default: `true`)
  * @return {Object} object that can be `JSON.stringify`
  */
 
 AssertionError.prototype.toJSON = function (stack) {
   var extend = exclude('constructor', 'toJSON', 'stack')
     , props = extend({ name: this.name }, this);
 
   // include stack if exists and not turned off
   if (false !== stack && this.stack) {
     props.stack = this.stack;
   }
 
   return props;
 };
 
 },{}],31:[function(require,module,exports){
 module.exports = require('./lib/eql');
 
 },{"./lib/eql":32}],32:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * deep-eql
  * Copyright(c) 2013 Jake Luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Module dependencies
  */
 
 var type = require('type-detect');
 
 /*!
  * Buffer.isBuffer browser shim
  */
 
 var Buffer;
 try { Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer; }
 catch(ex) {
   Buffer = {};
   Buffer.isBuffer = function() { return false; }
 }
 
 /*!
  * Primary Export
  */
 
 module.exports = deepEqual;
 
 /**
  * Assert super-strict (egal) equality between
  * two objects of any type.
  *
  * @param {Mixed} a
  * @param {Mixed} b
  * @param {Array} memoised (optional)
  * @return {Boolean} equal match
  */
 
 function deepEqual(a, b, m) {
   if (sameValue(a, b)) {
     return true;
   } else if ('date' === type(a)) {
     return dateEqual(a, b);
   } else if ('regexp' === type(a)) {
     return regexpEqual(a, b);
   } else if (Buffer.isBuffer(a)) {
     return bufferEqual(a, b);
   } else if ('arguments' === type(a)) {
     return argumentsEqual(a, b, m);
   } else if (!typeEqual(a, b)) {
     return false;
   } else if (('object' !== type(a) && 'object' !== type(b))
   && ('array' !== type(a) && 'array' !== type(b))) {
     return sameValue(a, b);
   } else {
     return objectEqual(a, b, m);
   }
 }
 
 /*!
  * Strict (egal) equality test. Ensures that NaN always
  * equals NaN and `-0` does not equal `+0`.
  *
  * @param {Mixed} a
  * @param {Mixed} b
  * @return {Boolean} equal match
  */
 
 function sameValue(a, b) {
   if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a === 1 / b;
   return a !== a && b !== b;
 }
 
 /*!
  * Compare the types of two given objects and
  * return if they are equal. Note that an Array
  * has a type of `array` (not `object`) and arguments
  * have a type of `arguments` (not `array`/`object`).
  *
  * @param {Mixed} a
  * @param {Mixed} b
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function typeEqual(a, b) {
   return type(a) === type(b);
 }
 
 /*!
  * Compare two Date objects by asserting that
  * the time values are equal using `saveValue`.
  *
  * @param {Date} a
  * @param {Date} b
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function dateEqual(a, b) {
   if ('date' !== type(b)) return false;
   return sameValue(a.getTime(), b.getTime());
 }
 
 /*!
  * Compare two regular expressions by converting them
  * to string and checking for `sameValue`.
  *
  * @param {RegExp} a
  * @param {RegExp} b
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function regexpEqual(a, b) {
   if ('regexp' !== type(b)) return false;
   return sameValue(a.toString(), b.toString());
 }
 
 /*!
  * Assert deep equality of two `arguments` objects.
  * Unfortunately, these must be sliced to arrays
  * prior to test to ensure no bad behavior.
  *
  * @param {Arguments} a
  * @param {Arguments} b
  * @param {Array} memoize (optional)
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function argumentsEqual(a, b, m) {
   if ('arguments' !== type(b)) return false;
   a = [].slice.call(a);
   b = [].slice.call(b);
   return deepEqual(a, b, m);
 }
 
 /*!
  * Get enumerable properties of a given object.
  *
  * @param {Object} a
  * @return {Array} property names
  */
 
 function enumerable(a) {
   var res = [];
   for (var key in a) res.push(key);
   return res;
 }
 
 /*!
  * Simple equality for flat iterable objects
  * such as Arrays or Node.js buffers.
  *
  * @param {Iterable} a
  * @param {Iterable} b
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function iterableEqual(a, b) {
   if (a.length !==  b.length) return false;
 
   var i = 0;
   var match = true;
 
   for (; i < a.length; i++) {
     if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
       match = false;
       break;
     }
   }
 
   return match;
 }
 
 /*!
  * Extension to `iterableEqual` specifically
  * for Node.js Buffers.
  *
  * @param {Buffer} a
  * @param {Mixed} b
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function bufferEqual(a, b) {
   if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) return false;
   return iterableEqual(a, b);
 }
 
 /*!
  * Block for `objectEqual` ensuring non-existing
  * values don't get in.
  *
  * @param {Mixed} object
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function isValue(a) {
   return a !== null && a !== undefined;
 }
 
 /*!
  * Recursively check the equality of two objects.
  * Once basic sameness has been established it will
  * defer to `deepEqual` for each enumerable key
  * in the object.
  *
  * @param {Mixed} a
  * @param {Mixed} b
  * @return {Boolean} result
  */
 
 function objectEqual(a, b, m) {
   if (!isValue(a) || !isValue(b)) {
     return false;
   }
 
   if (a.prototype !== b.prototype) {
     return false;
   }
 
   var i;
   if (m) {
     for (i = 0; i < m.length; i++) {
       if ((m[i][0] === a && m[i][1] === b)
       ||  (m[i][0] === b && m[i][1] === a)) {
         return true;
       }
     }
   } else {
     m = [];
   }
 
   try {
     var ka = enumerable(a);
     var kb = enumerable(b);
   } catch (ex) {
     return false;
   }
 
   ka.sort();
   kb.sort();
 
   if (!iterableEqual(ka, kb)) {
     return false;
   }
 
   m.push([ a, b ]);
 
   var key;
   for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     key = ka[i];
     if (!deepEqual(a[key], b[key], m)) {
       return false;
     }
   }
 
   return true;
 }
 
 },{"buffer":undefined,"type-detect":33}],33:[function(require,module,exports){
 module.exports = require('./lib/type');
 
 },{"./lib/type":34}],34:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * type-detect
  * Copyright(c) 2013 jake luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Primary Exports
  */
 
 var exports = module.exports = getType;
 
 /*!
  * Detectable javascript natives
  */
 
 var natives = {
     '[object Array]': 'array'
   , '[object RegExp]': 'regexp'
   , '[object Function]': 'function'
   , '[object Arguments]': 'arguments'
   , '[object Date]': 'date'
 };
 
 /**
  * ### typeOf (obj)
  *
  * Use several different techniques to determine
  * the type of object being tested.
  *
  *
  * @param {Mixed} object
  * @return {String} object type
  * @api public
  */
 
 function getType (obj) {
   var str = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj);
   if (natives[str]) return natives[str];
   if (obj === null) return 'null';
   if (obj === undefined) return 'undefined';
   if (obj === Object(obj)) return 'object';
   return typeof obj;
 }
 
 exports.Library = Library;
 
 /**
  * ### Library
  *
  * Create a repository for custom type detection.
  *
  * ```js
  * var lib = new type.Library;
  * ```
  *
  */
 
 function Library () {
   this.tests = {};
 }
 
 /**
  * #### .of (obj)
  *
  * Expose replacement `typeof` detection to the library.
  *
  * ```js
  * if ('string' === lib.of('hello world')) {
  *   // ...
  * }
  * ```
  *
  * @param {Mixed} object to test
  * @return {String} type
  */
 
 Library.prototype.of = getType;
 
 /**
  * #### .define (type, test)
  *
  * Add a test to for the `.test()` assertion.
  *
  * Can be defined as a regular expression:
  *
  * ```js
  * lib.define('int', /^[0-9]+$/);
  * ```
  *
  * ... or as a function:
  *
  * ```js
  * lib.define('bln', function (obj) {
  *   if ('boolean' === lib.of(obj)) return true;
  *   var blns = [ 'yes', 'no', 'true', 'false', 1, 0 ];
  *   if ('string' === lib.of(obj)) obj = obj.toLowerCase();
  *   return !! ~blns.indexOf(obj);
  * });
  * ```
  *
  * @param {String} type
  * @param {RegExp|Function} test
  * @api public
  */
 
 Library.prototype.define = function (type, test) {
   if (arguments.length === 1) return this.tests[type];
   this.tests[type] = test;
   return this;
 };
 
 /**
  * #### .test (obj, test)
  *
  * Assert that an object is of type. Will first
  * check natives, and if that does not pass it will
  * use the user defined custom tests.
  *
  * ```js
  * assert(lib.test('1', 'int'));
  * assert(lib.test('yes', 'bln'));
  * ```
  *
  * @param {Mixed} object
  * @param {String} type
  * @return {Boolean} result
  * @api public
  */
 
 Library.prototype.test = function (obj, type) {
   if (type === getType(obj)) return true;
   var test = this.tests[type];
 
   if (test && 'regexp' === getType(test)) {
     return test.test(obj);
   } else if (test && 'function' === getType(test)) {
     return test(obj);
   } else {
     throw new ReferenceError('Type test "' + type + '" not defined or invalid.');
   }
 };
 
 },{}],35:[function(require,module,exports){
 arguments[4][33][0].apply(exports,arguments)
 },{"./lib/type":36,"dup":33}],36:[function(require,module,exports){
 /*!
  * type-detect
  * Copyright(c) 2013 jake luer <jake@alogicalparadox.com>
  * MIT Licensed
  */
 
 /*!
  * Primary Exports
  */
 
 var exports = module.exports = getType;
 
 /**
  * ### typeOf (obj)
  *
  * Use several different techniques to determine
  * the type of object being tested.
  *
  *
  * @param {Mixed} object
  * @return {String} object type
  * @api public
  */
 var objectTypeRegexp = /^\[object (.*)\]$/;
 
 function getType(obj) {
   var type = Object.prototype.toString.call(obj).match(objectTypeRegexp)[1].toLowerCase();
   // Let "new String('')" return 'object'
   if (typeof Promise === 'function' && obj instanceof Promise) return 'promise';
   // PhantomJS has type "DOMWindow" for null
   if (obj === null) return 'null';
   // PhantomJS has type "DOMWindow" for undefined
   if (obj === undefined) return 'undefined';
   return type;
 }
 
 exports.Library = Library;
 
 /**
  * ### Library
  *
  * Create a repository for custom type detection.
  *
  * ```js
  * var lib = new type.Library;
  * ```
  *
  */
 
 function Library() {
   if (!(this instanceof Library)) return new Library();
   this.tests = {};
 }
 
 /**
  * #### .of (obj)
  *
  * Expose replacement `typeof` detection to the library.
  *
  * ```js
  * if ('string' === lib.of('hello world')) {
  *   // ...
  * }
  * ```
  *
  * @param {Mixed} object to test
  * @return {String} type
  */
 
 Library.prototype.of = getType;
 
 /**
  * #### .define (type, test)
  *
  * Add a test to for the `.test()` assertion.
  *
  * Can be defined as a regular expression:
  *
  * ```js
  * lib.define('int', /^[0-9]+$/);
  * ```
  *
  * ... or as a function:
  *
  * ```js
  * lib.define('bln', function (obj) {
  *   if ('boolean' === lib.of(obj)) return true;
  *   var blns = [ 'yes', 'no', 'true', 'false', 1, 0 ];
  *   if ('string' === lib.of(obj)) obj = obj.toLowerCase();
  *   return !! ~blns.indexOf(obj);
  * });
  * ```
  *
  * @param {String} type
  * @param {RegExp|Function} test
  * @api public
  */
 
 Library.prototype.define = function(type, test) {
   if (arguments.length === 1) return this.tests[type];
   this.tests[type] = test;
   return this;
 };
 
 /**
  * #### .test (obj, test)
  *
  * Assert that an object is of type. Will first
  * check natives, and if that does not pass it will
  * use the user defined custom tests.
  *
  * ```js
  * assert(lib.test('1', 'int'));
  * assert(lib.test('yes', 'bln'));
  * ```
  *
  * @param {Mixed} object
  * @param {String} type
  * @return {Boolean} result
  * @api public
  */
 
 Library.prototype.test = function(obj, type) {
   if (type === getType(obj)) return true;
   var test = this.tests[type];
 
   if (test && 'regexp' === getType(test)) {
     return test.test(obj);
   } else if (test && 'function' === getType(test)) {
     return test(obj);
   } else {
     throw new ReferenceError('Type test "' + type + '" not defined or invalid.');
   }
 };
 
 },{}]},{},[1])(1)
 });